Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28581362›Full record

ReviewFuture cardiology2017

PPARs: regulators of metabolism and as therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease. Part II: PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ.

Lu Han, Wen-Jun Shen, Stefanie Bittner, Fredric B Kraemer, Salman Azhar

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Future cardiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
141citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

141 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 253 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Review
  5. IntegrativeNutrients · 2026
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  11. Perfluorooctanoic acid disrupts hepatic metabolism in the developing chicken embryo.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025
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  18. Comparing Efficacy of Chiglitazar, Pioglitazone, and Semaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025
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81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lu HanGeriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Wen-Jun ShenGeriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Stefanie BittnerGeriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Fredric B KraemerGeriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Salman AzharGeriatrics Research, Education & Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Stanford University · USVA Palo Alto Health Care System · US

Funding

HOW DO CELLS PROCESS HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS?R01HL033881 · NHLBI · VETERANS ADMIN PALO ALTO HEALTH CARE SYS · PI AZHAR, SALMAN · 1985 to 2014
$3.8M
Hypo-Lipidemic Actions of Creosote Bush-Derived NDGAR01HL092473 · NHLBI · PALO ALTO VETERANS INSTIT FOR RESEARCH · PI AZHAR, SALMAN · 2009 to 2013
$1.8M
Cells Processing High Density LipoproteinsR56HL033881 · NHLBI · PALO ALTO VETERANS INSTIT FOR RESEARCH · PI AZHAR, SALMAN · 2015 to 2015
$347k
LipolysisI01BX000398 · VA · VETERANS ADMIN PALO ALTO HEALTH CARE SYS · PI KRAEMER, FREDRIC B. · 2009 to 2020
–
BLRD VA I01 BX000398NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL033881NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL092473NHLBI NIH HHS R56 HL033881
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The PPARs are a subfamily of three ligand-inducible transcription factors, which belong to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. In mammals, the PPAR subfamily consists of three members: PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ. PPARs control the expression of a large number of genes involved in metabolic homeostasis, lipid, glucose and energy metabolism, adipogenesis and inflammation. PPARs regulate a large number of metabolic pathways that are implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this review is to provide up-to-date information about the biochemical and metabolic actions of PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ, the therapeutic potential of their agonists currently under clinical development and the cardiovascular disease outcome of clinical trials of PPAR-γ agonists, pioglitazone and rosiglitazone.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HumansMetabolic SyndromeNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseasePioglitazonePPAR-betaPPAR deltaPPAR gammaRosiglitazoneThiazolidinedionesPioglitazonePPAR-betaPPAR deltaPPAR gammaRosiglitazoneThiazolidinedionescardiovascular diseasehyperglycemiahyperinsulinemialipid and glucose metabolismmetabolic syndromeNAFLDPPAR-β/δ agonistPPAR-γ agonistType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID28581362
PMCPMC5941699
OpenAlexW2621670189

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.