ArticleNature communications2017
Free-standing supramolecular hydrogel objects by reaction-diffusion.
Article in Nature communications, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) for articular cartilage repair in osteoarthritis (OA): a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Pooled it
- Supramolecular morphological transition driven by nonequilibrium break-and-build self-organisation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A chemoenzymatic reaction-diffusion system with local inhibition and distal activation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Free-Standing Supramolecular Pyridine N-Oxide-Silver(I) Metallogels.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Highly Strong and Transparent Hydrogel Elastomers Microfabricated for 3D Microphysiological Systems.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Cell-Like Synthetic Supramolecular Soft Materials Realized in Multicomponent, Non-/Out-of-Equilibrium Dynamic Systems.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Fabricating Shaped and Patterned Supramolecular Multigelator Objects via Diffusion-Adhesion Gel Assembly.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2023Article
- Dynamics of hydroxide-ion-driven reversible autocatalytic networks.RSC advances · 2023Article
- Four distinct network patterns of supramolecular/polymer composite hydrogels controlled by formation kinetics and interfiber interactions.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Hydrogel on a Smart Nanomaterial Interface to Carry Therapeutics for Digitalized Glioma Treatment.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Dissecting Biological and Synthetic Soft-Hard Interfaces for Tissue-Like Systems.Chemical reviews · 2022Review
- Progressive Local Accumulation of Self-Assembled Nanoreactors in a Hydrogel Matrix through Repetitive Injections of ATP.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2022Article
- Pectin-based bioinks for 3D models of neural tissue produced by a pH-controlled kinetics.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of self-assembled structures in enzymatically induced agonistic and antagonistic conditions.Chemical science · 2021Article
- Alginate-Based Smart Materials and Their Application: Recent Advances and Perspectives.Topics in current chemistry (Cham) · 2021Review
- Self-Propelling Hybrid Gels Incorporating an Active Self-Assembled, Low-Molecular-Weight Gelator.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2021Article
- Feedback and Communication in Active Hydrogel Spheres with pH Fronts: Facile Approaches to Grow Soft Hydrogel Structures.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2021Article
- Double diffusion for the programmable spatiotemporal patterning of multi-domain supramolecular gels.Chemical science · 2021Article
- Article
- Reaction-diffusion hydrogels from urease enzyme particles for patterned coatings.Communications chemistry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Self-assembly provides access to a variety of molecular materials, yet spatial control over structure formation remains difficult to achieve. Here we show how reaction-diffusion (RD) can be coupled to a molecular self-assembly process to generate macroscopic free-standing objects with control over shape, size, and functionality. In RD, two or more reactants diffuse from different positions to give rise to spatially defined structures on reaction. We demonstrate that RD can be used to locally control formation and self-assembly of hydrazone molecular gelators from their non-assembling precursors, leading to soft, free-standing hydrogel objects with sizes ranging from several hundred micrometres up to centimeters. Different chemical functionalities and gradients can easily be integrated in the hydrogel objects by using different reactants. Our methodology, together with the vast range of organic reactions and self-assembling building blocks, provides a general approach towards the programmed fabrication of soft microscale objects with controlled functionality and shape.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.