ArticleJournal of epidemiology2017
Prenatal and childhood exposure to phthalate diesters and sex steroid hormones in 2-, 5-, 8-, and 11-year-old children: A pilot study of the Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of epidemiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Foetal Exposure to Phthalates and Endocrine Effects on the Leydig Cell.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Review
- Association of Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Exposure with Reproductive Hormones in the General Population and the Susceptible Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Review
- Early childhood exposures to phthalates in association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder behaviors in middle childhood and adolescence in the ReCHARGE study.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2024Article
- Prenatal phthalate exposure and sex steroid hormones in newborns: Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Phthalates exposure and pubertal development in a 15-year follow-up birth cohort study in Taiwan.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Do macrophages play a role in the adverse effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on testicular functions?Frontiers in toxicology · 2023Review
- Associations between urinary phthalate concentrations and antral follicle count among women undergoingFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The Variability and Determinants of Testosterone Measurements in Children: A Critical Review.Biological research for nursing · 2021Review
- Gestational and peripubertal phthalate exposure in relation to attention performance in childhood and adolescence.Environmental research · 2021Article
- Ovarian Toxicity and Epigenetic Mechanisms of Phthalates and Their Metabolites.Current medical science · 2021Review
- Effect of phthalates exposure during perinatal period on hormonal profile in Mexican males during their first months of life.Toxicology reports · 2021Article
- Effects and Mechanisms of Phthalates' Action on Reproductive Processes and Reproductive Health: A Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: implications for human health.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2020Review
- Low Dose of Genistein Alleviates Mono-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate-Induced Fetal Testis Disorder Based on Organ Culture Model.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Article
- Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced toxicity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha: a review.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2019Review
- Article
- Transcriptomics and metabonomics analyses of maternal DEHP exposure on male offspring.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPhthalate diesters are commonly used and have been well established as environmental endocrine disruptors. However, few studies have examined their effects on sex steroid hormones in children. We followed children over time to examine the association between pre- and post-natal phthalate exposure and sex steroid hormone levels at 2, 5, 8, and 11 years of age.
methodsWe recruited 430 pregnant women from central Taiwan from 2000 to 2001 and assessed their children at birth, 2, 5, 8, and 11 years of age. We studies children with at least one measurement for both phthalate and hormone levels during each any of the follow-up time point (n = 193). Estradiol, free testosterone, testosterone, and progesterone were measured from venous blood. Three monoesters of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), mono-benzyl phthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono-ethyl phthalate, and mono-methyl phthalate were measured in maternal urine collected during the 3rd trimester and child urine collected at each follow-up point. The sum of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (∑MEHP) was calculated by summing the concentrations of the three DEHP monoesters. Generalized estimating equation regression analysis with repeated measures was used to estimate associations between phthalate metabolites and hormone levels.
resultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders, maternal ∑MEHP level was associated with decreased levels of progesterone in girls (β = -0.309 p = 0.001). The child ∑MEHP concentration was associated with decreased levels of progesterone for girls (β = -0.194, p = 0.003) and with decreased levels of free testosterone for boys (β = -0.124, p = 0.004).
conclusionsEarly-life DEHP exposure may alter sex steroid hormones of children over time, which may pose potential reproductive health risks.
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