ArticlePloS one2017
Age-dependent regulation of obesity and Alzheimer-related outcomes by hormone therapy in female 3xTg-AD mice.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Cognitive Function in Female Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis.American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementiasPooled it
- Hippocampal, Microglial, Morphological, and Amyloid Profiles Following Thiamine Pyrophosphate Treatment in 3xTg-AD Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Sex- and age-dependent associations between waist-to-hip ratio and cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study of rural adults aged 40 years and older in northwestern China.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Sex-dependent effects of a high-fat diet-induced obesity model on cerebrovascular health and brain metabolism.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Effects of obesogenic diet and 17β-estradiol in female mice withFrontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Associations among Body Mass Index, Waist-to-Hip Ratio, and Cognitive Impairment Tend to Follow an Opposite Trend and Are Sex Specific: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study in a Rural Area of Xi'an, China.Neuroepidemiology · 2023Article
- Alternative Pharmacological Strategies for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Neuromodulator Function.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- High-fat diet exacerbates cognitive decline in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and mixed dementia in a sex-dependent manner.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Novel molecular mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease: The potential role of DEK in disease pathogenesis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
- Sex differences in a murine model of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Maternal high sugar and fat diet benefits offspring brain function via targeting on the gut-brain axis.Aging · 2021Article
- Mapping of Microglial Brain Region, Sex and Age Heterogeneity in Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Chronic BACE-1 Inhibitor Administration in TASTPM Mice (APP KM670/671NL and PSEN1 M146V Mutation): An EEG Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Article
- Aging Reduces Estradiol Protection Against Neural but Not Metabolic Effects of Obesity in Female 3xTg-AD Mice.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2020Article
- Article
- APOE genotype affects metabolic and Alzheimer-related outcomes induced by Western diet in female EFAD mice.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2019Article
- TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 attenuates the adverse neural effects of diet-induced obesity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2018Article
- Sexual dimorphism in predisposition to Alzheimer's disease.Neurobiology of aging · 2018Review
- Sex Differences in Neuropathology and Cognitive Behavior in APP/PS1/tau Triple-Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.Neuroscience bulletin · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Depletion of ovarian hormones at menopause is associated with increased Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Hormone loss also increases central adiposity, which promotes AD development. One strategy to improve health outcomes in postmenopausal women is estrogen-based hormone therapy (HT), though its efficacy is controversial. The window of opportunity hypothesis posits that HT is beneficial only if initiated near the onset of menopause. Here, we tested this hypothesis by assessing the efficacy of HT against diet-induced obesity and AD-related pathology in female 3xTg-AD mice at early versus late middle-age. HT protected against obesity and reduced β-amyloid burden only at early middle-age. One mechanism that contributes to AD pathogenesis is microglial activation, which is increased by obesity and reduced by estrogens. In parallel to its effects on β-amyloid accumulation, we observed that HT reduced morphological evidence of microglial activation in early but not late middle-age. These findings suggest that HT may be effective during human perimenopause in reducing indices of obesity and AD-related pathology, a conclusion consistent with the window of opportunity hypothesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.