ReviewCardiovascular diagnosis and therapy2017
Assessing observer variability: a user's guide.
Review in Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- "Do not look at me like that": Is the facial expression score reliable and accurate to evaluate pain in large domestic animals? A systematic review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Pooled it
- Proton pump inhibition for secondary hemochromatosis in hereditary anemia: a phase III placebo-controlled randomized cross-over clinical trial.American journal of hematology · 2022Trial
- Accurate Detection of Dobutamine-induced Haemodynamic Changes by Kino-Cardiography: A Randomised Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Validation Study.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- The effect of cardiac shock wave therapy on myocardial function and perfusion in the randomized, triple-blind, sham-procedure controlled study.Cardiovascular ultrasound · 2019Trial
- Non-invasive stroke volume estimation by transthoracic electrical bioimpedanceJournal of medical engineering & technology · 2019Trial
- Altitude and child development: A cross-sectional comparative study of children in urbanized low-altitude and rural high-altitude settings in Kyrgyzstan.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Quantifying three-dimensional displacement of cardiac implantable electronic devices and implications for safety margins in radiotherapy.Radiological physics and technology · 2026Article
- Tomographic 3D Ultrasound for Thyroid Volumetry-A Comparison Between Multiplanar 2D and 3D Imaging Methods.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Clinical Outcomes Following Anatomic Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction With Concomitant Procedures in Skeletally Immature Patients With Patellar Instability.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2026Article
- Noise in clinical data: insights from assessment of aortic stenosis by echocardiography.Cardiovascular ultrasound · 2026Review
- Surgical Visualization of Scaphoid Fractures: A Three-Dimensional Study Comparing Dorsal and Volar Approaches.Hand (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Beyond the left ventricle: three-dimensional echocardiographic analysis of biventricular synchronization after cardiac resynchronization therapy.Journal of echocardiography · 2026Article
- Reproducibility and repeatability of the Myoton to quantify sclerotic chronic graft-versus-host disease.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Effect of norepinephrine on ventricular systolic function during septic shock: the ENESySS study.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2026Article
- Upright 0.5 T open MR defaecating proctography proof of concept study: the inter- and intra-rater variability of pelvic floor measures using seated proctography.Magma (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Left Atrial Size and Strain in Hypertensive Children Compared to Age-, Sex-, and Race/Ethnicity-Matched Controls.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Prediction of Coronary Artery Spasm in Patients Without Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Using a Comprehensive Clinical, Laboratory and Echocardiographic Risk Score.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Predictive models for sex Estimation based on alveolar measurements in a contemporary Italian sample.International journal of legal medicine · 2025Article
- Explorative study using ultrasound time-harmonic elastography for stiffness-based quantification of skeletal muscle function.Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik · 2025Article
- Technology-based interventions to address internet addictive behaviors: systematic review.Discover mental health · 2025Review
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Some form of the assessment of observer variability may be the most frequent statistical task in medical literature. Still, very little attempt is made to make the reported methods uniform and clear to the reader. This paper provides overview of various measures of observer variability, and a rationale of why using standard error of measurement (SEM) is preferable to other measures of observer variability. The supplemental file contains examples on how to design a proper repeatability and reproducibility assessment, determine appropriate sample size, and test for significance of its findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.