Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28566464›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurophysiology2017

Activation of ganglion cells and axon bundles using epiretinal electrical stimulation.

Lauren E Grosberg, Karthik Ganesan, Georges A Goetz, Sasidhar S Madugula, Nandita Bhaskhar, Victoria Fan, Peter Li, Pawel Hottowy, Wladyslaw Dabrowski, Alexander Sher and 3 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurophysiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Restoration of Sight with Electronic Retinal Prostheses.Annual review of vision science · 2025
    Review
  3. Direct-Print 3D Electrodes for Large-Scale, High-Density, and Customizable Neural Interfaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  4. Engineered biological neuronal networks as basic logic operators.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Multiple consecutive-biphasic pulse stimulation improves spatially localized firing of retinal ganglion cells in the degenerate retina.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2023
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Electronic Retinal Prostheses.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2023
    Review
  12. Inference of Electrical Stimulation Sensitivity from Recorded Activity of Primate Retinal Ganglion Cells.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023
    Article
  13. Review
  14. High-Fidelity Reproduction of Visual Signals by Electrical Stimulation in the Central Primate Retina.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Automatic Identification of Axon Bundle Activation for Epiretinal Prosthesis.IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2021
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Lauren E GrosbergDepartment of Neurosurgery and Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California; lauren.grosberg@gmail.com.
Karthik GanesanDepartments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Georges A GoetzDepartment of Neurosurgery and Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Sasidhar S MadugulaDepartment of Neurosurgery and Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Nandita BhaskharDepartments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Victoria FanDepartment of Neurosurgery and Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Peter LiSystems Neurobiology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California.
Pawel HottowyFaculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland; and.
Wladyslaw DabrowskiFaculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland; and.
Alexander SherSanta Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California.
Alan M LitkeSanta Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California.
Subhasish MitraDepartments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
E J ChichilniskyDepartment of Neurosurgery and Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
Stanford University · USAGH University of Krakow · PLUniversity of California, Santa Cruz · USSalk Institute for Biological Studies · US

Funding

Patterned Electrical Stimulation of the Retina for High-Resolution ProsthesesR01EY021271 · NEI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI EDUARDO CHICHILNISKY · 2011 to 2026
$4.6M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY021271
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Epiretinal prostheses for treating blindness activate axon bundles, causing large, arc-shaped visual percepts that limit the quality of artificial vision. Improving the function of epiretinal prostheses therefore requires understanding and avoiding axon bundle activation. This study introduces a method to detect axon bundle activation on the basis of its electrical signature and uses the method to test whether epiretinal stimulation can directly elicit spikes in individual retinal ganglion cells without activating nearby axon bundles. Combined electrical stimulation and recording from isolated primate retina were performed using a custom multielectrode system (512 electrodes, 10-μm diameter, 60-μm pitch). Axon bundle signals were identified by their bidirectional propagation, speed, and increasing amplitude as a function of stimulation current. The threshold for bundle activation varied across electrodes and retinas, and was in the same range as the threshold for activating retinal ganglion cells near their somas. In the peripheral retina, 45% of electrodes that activated individual ganglion cells (17% of all electrodes) did so without activating bundles. This permitted selective activation of 21% of recorded ganglion cells (7% of expected ganglion cells) over the array. In one recording in the central retina, 75% of electrodes that activated individual ganglion cells (16% of all electrodes) did so without activating bundles. The ability to selectively activate a subset of retinal ganglion cells without axon bundles suggests a possible novel architecture for future epiretinal prostheses.

Indexed as

Neural ProsthesesAnimalsAxonsElectric StimulationEvoked PotentialsFemaleMacaca mulattaMaleRetinal Ganglion CellsSensory Thresholdsaxon bundlesbrain-machine interfacerapheretinal electrophysiologyretinal ganglion cellsretinal prosthesis

Identifiers

PMID28566464
PMCPMC5596129
OpenAlexW2620368413

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.