ArticlePediatrics2017
Racial and Ethnic Differences in ADHD Treatment Quality Among Medicaid-Enrolled Youth.
Article in Pediatrics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medication adherence and persistence in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a systematic review and qualitative update.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- In Search of the Common Elements of Clinical Supervision: A Systematic Review.Administration and policy in mental health · 2022Pooled it
- Intentional Discontinuation of Psychostimulants Used to Treat ADHD in Youth: A Review and Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Key Components of Effective Pediatric Integrated Mental Health Care Models: A Systematic Review.JAMA pediatrics · 2020Pooled it
- National Child Mental Health Quality Measures: Adherence Rates and Extent of Evidence for Clinical Validity.Current psychiatry reports · 2019Pooled it
- Screening for parent and child ADHD in urban pediatric primary care: pilot implementation and stakeholder perspectives.BMC pediatrics · 2023Trial
- Stepped Treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Aggressive Behavior: A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Adjunctive Risperidone, Divalproex Sodium, or Placebo After Stimulant Medication Optimization.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Review
- Differences in patterns of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder medication use in US children.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Observational
- Mental health service utilization in publicly insured survivors of childhood cancer: a claims-based analysis.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Article
- Factors Associated With Medication Adherence Among Patients With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Journal of attention disorders · 2025Observational
- Optimizing Attention and Sleep Intervention Study (OASIS): a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial to compare parent behavioral interventions with and without sleep strategies delivered in pediatric primary care for preschool-aged children at risk of childhood ADHD.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2025Article
- Promoting Equitable Engagement in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Care.Pediatric annals · 2025Article
- Incidence of pediatric narcolepsy diagnosis and management: evidence from claims data.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2024Article
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder combined subtype exacerbates opioid use disorder consequences: Mediation by impulsive phenotypes.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- Racial and ethnic inequities in the quality of paediatric care in the USA: a review of quantitative evidence.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2024Review
- Adequacy of Children's Psychopharmacology Services: Variations by Race and Clinical Characteristics.Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Article
- Association of Integrating Mental Health Into Pediatric Primary Care at Federally Qualified Health Centers With Utilization and Follow-up Care.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Can We Expand the Pool of Youth Who Receive Telehealth Assessments for ADHD? Covariates of Service Utilization.Journal of attention disorders · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWe estimated racial/ethnic differences in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) care quality and treatment continuity among Medicaid-enrolled children.
methodsUsing Medicaid data from 9 states (2008 to 2011), we identified 172 322 youth (age 6 to 12) initiating ADHD medication. Outcome measures included: (1) adequate follow-up care in the (a) initiation and (b) continuation and maintenance (C&M) treatment phases; (2) combined treatment with medication and psychotherapy (versus medication alone); (3) medication discontinuation; and (4) treatment disengagement (ie, discontinued medication and received no psychotherapy). Logistic regressions controlled for confounding measures.
resultsAmong those initiating medication, three-fifths received adequate follow-up care in the initiation and C&M phases, and under two-fifths received combined treatment. Compared with whites, African American youth were less likely to receive adequate follow-up in either phase (
conclusionsCare quality for Medicaid-enrolled youth initiating ADHD medication is poor, and racial/ethnic differences in these measures are mixed. The most important disparities occur in the higher rates of medication discontinuation among minorities, which translate into higher rates of treatment disengagement because most youth discontinuing medication receive no psychotherapy.
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