ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2017
A Case-Control Study of Maternal Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Exposure and Cryptorchidism in Canadian Populations.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of phthalate exposure on gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- The Effect of Various Environmental Pollutants on the Reproductive Health in Children: A Brief Review of the Literature.Current nutrition reports · 2024Review
- Endocrine disrupting chemicals: gestational diabetes and beyond.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Review
- Update of the risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of Male Reproductive Toxicity of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Reproductive Health in Boys and Men.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: implications for human health.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2020Review
- In Utero and Lactational Exposure to Flame Retardants Disrupts Rat Ovarian Follicular Development and Advances Puberty.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2020Article
- Environmental Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Exposure: Role in Non-Communicable Diseases.Frontiers in public health · 2020Review
- Cryptorchidism after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident:causation or coincidence?Fukushima journal of medical science · 2019Review
- Association of In Utero Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers With the Risk of Hypospadias.JAMA pediatrics · 2018Article
- Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Interfere With Leydig Cell Hormone Pathways During Testicular Descent in Idiopathic Cryptorchidism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants found in North American household products during the past four decades. These chemicals leach out in dust as products age, exposing individuals daily through inhalation and ingestion. Animal studies suggest that PBDEs disrupt sex hormones and adversely affect development of the reproductive system.
objectivesIn the present study, we examined whether there is a link between maternal hair PBDE concentrations and the risk of cryptorchidism (undescended testes) in male infants; testis descent is known to be dependent on androgens.
methodsFull-term male infants were recruited through clinics in Montreal, Toronto, and London, Canada. Boys with cryptorchidism at 3-18 months of age (
resultsThe ∑PBDE geometric mean for maternal hair was 45.35 pg/mg for controls and 50.27 pg/mg for cases; the concentrations of three BDEs (BDE-99, -100, and -154) were significantly higher in cases than controls in unadjusted models. In adjusted models, every 10-fold increase in the concentration of maternal hair BDE-99 [OR=2.53 (95% CI: 1.29, 4.95) or BDE-100 [OR=2.45 (95% CI: 1.31, 4.56)] was associated with more than a doubling in the risk of cryptorchidism. BDE-154 [OR=1.88 (95% CI: 1.08, 3.28) was also significant.
conclusionsOur results suggest that maternal exposure to BDE-99, -100, and -154 may be associated with abnormal migration of testes in the male fetus. This may be due to the anti-androgenic properties of the PBDEs. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP522.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.