ReviewNature reviews. Nephrology2017
Reducing the costs of chronic kidney disease while delivering quality health care: a call to action.
Review in Nature reviews. Nephrology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 168 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
168 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 348 citations in OpenAlex.
- A change of heart: the effect of high flow arteriovenous fistulas on cardiovascular outcomes - a systematic review and synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM).BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Long-term end-stage renal disease risks after living kidney donation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2023Pooled it
- The Cost-Effectiveness of Kidney Replacement Therapy Modalities: A Systematic Review of Full Economic Evaluations.Applied health economics and health policy · 2021Pooled it
- Association ofFrontiers in genetics · 2020Pooled it
- Economic Modelling of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Literature Review to Inform Conceptual Model Design.PharmacoEconomics · 2019Pooled it
- The long-term effects of dapagliflozin in chronic kidney disease: a time-to-event analysis.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2024Trial
- Risk prediction of the progression of chronic kidney disease stage 1 based on peripheral blood samples: construction and internal validation of a nomogram.Renal failure · 2023Trial
- Association between hypothermic machine perfusion parameters and graft function in deceased donor kidney transplantation.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Direct Public-Payer Costs of Dialysis Therapies in Greece: A Patient-Level Micro-Costing Study Across Modality and Provider Sector.Journal of market access & health policy · 2026Article
- Kidney health for all: caring for people, protecting the planet.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Temporal trends in healthcare resource use and costs of chronic kidney disease in a Spanish population: the REDIC study.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026Article
- Kidney health for all: Caring for people, protecting the planet.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Are your kidneys okay? Detect early to protect kidney health.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2026Article
- A Health Literacy Intervention Targeting Chronic Kidney Disease Patients and Healthcare Professionals is Cost-saving: Findings from the Netherlands.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Kidney health for all: caring for people, protecting the planet.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Transformative global models for CKD care: case studies and strategies.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Kidney Transplantation in Western Balkans: A Regional Blueprint for Access, Capacity, and Equity.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026Article
- Enhancing Patient-Centered Communication in Hemodialysis Symptom Management Care-Development and Validation of the HSB-HD Scale for Assessing Help-Seeking Behavior in Hemodialysis Patients: A Multiphase Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of nursing management · 2026Article
- Emerging roles of cannabinoid pathways in renal injury and repair.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
108 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) imposes substantial societal costs. Expenditure is highest for renal replacement therapy (RRT), especially in-hospital haemodialysis. Redirection towards less expensive forms of RRT (peritoneal dialysis, home haemodialysis) or kidney transplantation should decrease financial pressure. However, costs for CKD are not limited to RRT, but also include nonrenal health-care costs, costs not related to health care, and costs for patients with CKD who are not yet receiving RRT. Even if patients with CKD or ESRD could be given the least expensive therapies, costs would decrease only marginally. We therefore propose a consistent and sustainable approach focusing on prevention. Before a preventive strategy is favoured, however, authorities should carefully analyse the cost to benefit ratio of each strategy. Primary prevention of CKD is more important than secondary prevention, as many other related chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, liver disease, cancer, and pulmonary disorders could also be prevented. Primary prevention largely consists of lifestyle changes that will reduce global societal costs and, more importantly, result in a healthy, active, and long-lived population. Nephrologists need to collaborate closely with other sectors and governments, to reach these aims.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.