ArticleRheumatology international2017
Malnutrition is an independent risk factor for mortality in Mexican patients with systemic sclerosis: a cohort study.
Article in Rheumatology international, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Relationship Between Microbiota, Nutrition, and Gastrointestinal Tract Symptoms in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Survival and prognosis factors in systemic sclerosis: data of a French multicenter cohort, systematic review, and meta-analysis of the literature.Arthritis research & therapy · 2019Pooled it
- Risk of Malnutrition in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease Treated With Nintedanib in the Randomized, Placebo-Controlled SENSCIS Trial.Arthritis care & research · 2023Trial
- Effectiveness of Saccharomyces boulardii and Metronidazole for Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Systemic Sclerosis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2020Trial
- High prevalence of serum zinc and copper deficiencies in systemic sclerosis: a cross-sectional study.Rheumatology international · 2026Observational
- Prevalence of malnutrition using the GLIM criteria and the subjective global assessment among patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Nutritional Status and Dietary Challenges in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Controlling nutritional status score as a sensitive instrument for malnutrition screening in systemic sclerosis - a retrospective study.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- Preliminary nomogram model for predicting irreversible organ damage of patients with systemic sclerosis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Association of nutritional status indices with gastrointestinal symptoms in systemic sclerosis: a cross-sectional study.Rheumatology international · 2025Article
- High-Protein Nutritional Supplements Improve Nutritional Status in Malnourished Patients with Systemic Sclerosis.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Preventative Care in Scleroderma: What Is the Best Approach to Bone Health and Cancer Screening?Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America · 2023Review
- [The impact of COVID-19 in a cohort of patients with systemic sclerosis].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2023Article
- Symptoms related to gastrointestinal tract involvement and low muscularity in systemic sclerosis.Clinical rheumatology · 2022Article
- Diet in Scleroderma: Is There a Need for Intervention?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The PREdictor of MAlnutrition in Systemic Sclerosis (PREMASS) Score: A Combined Index to Predict 12 Months Onset of Malnutrition in Systemic Sclerosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Prevalence of malnutrition in systemic sclerosis patients assessed by different diagnostic tools.Clinical rheumatology · 2020Article
- Impact of climate change on rheumatic diseases: A scoping review.The journal of climate change and healthReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Factors for mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc) vary in different cohorts around the world. Case-control study nested in a cohort. We included patients ≥16 years of age with SSc (ACR/EULAR 2013), from 2005 to 2015. Demographic and clinical variables and causes of mortality were recorded. We calculated Crude Mortality Rate (CMR), Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR), and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. A Cox proportional hazard (HR) regression analysis of the potential risk factors associated with mortality was also performed. A total of 220 patients with SSc were included. During follow-up, 28 deaths occurred. The sum of total time contributed by all subjects was 1074 years-person, the CMR was 12.72%, the overall SMR was 4.5, in women 3.7, and in men 4.7. The survival rate at 5 and 10 years was 83 and 70%, respectively. The causes of death were definitively attributed to SSc in 21.4% of the cases, probably in 28.7%, unrelated in 35.6%, and unknown in 14.3%. The direct cause of death of the patients was infection in 25% of cases, cardiovascular disease in 14%, lung involvement in 14%, pulmonary embolism in 11%, and neoplasia in 11%. The Cox regression analysis showed that the factors associated with mortality were: male gender (HR 5.84, CI 95% 1.31-26, p = 0.013), severe Medsger's score for general symptoms (HR 5.12, CI 95% 1.74-14.97, p = 0.021) and severe malnutrition (HR 3.77, CI 95% 1.23-11.06, p = 0.008). Infections, cardiovascular disease, and lung involvement were the leading cause of death. Male gender and severe general affection and malnutrition were associated with a poorer prognosis of SSc.
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