ArticleBMJ open2017
Bone mineral density reference standards for Chinese children aged 3-18: cross-sectional results of the 2013-2015 China Child and Adolescent Cardiovascular Health (CCACH) Study.
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of dairy supplementation on bone acquisition in children's limbs: a 12-month cluster-randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis.Archives of osteoporosis · 2024Pooled it
- Formula Milk Supplementation and Bone Acquisition in 4-6 Years Chinese Children: A 12-Month Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Osteoporosis in children and adolescents with transfusion-dependent thalassemia and the diagnostic value of different indicators.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- The association between skeletal muscle-to-fat mass ratio and insulin resistance in obese children with low skeletal muscle mass.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Pathomechanism of LYPD6 enhancing abnormal hyperostosis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Article
- Adhering to Life's Essential 8 Is Associated With Greater Bone Mineral Accrual During Childhood and Adolescence.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sarcopenic obesity among children between 6 and 10 years of age: a prospective study.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- An automatic deep learning-based bone mineral density measurement method using X-ray images of children.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Exploring Visceral Fat as a Screening Marker for Cardiometabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review: Application of Protein-Based Raw Materials in Health Foods in China.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Updated reference values for BMD and lean mass measured by DXA in Thai children.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2024Article
- The Association between Fluoride and Bone Mineral Density in US Children and Adolescents: A Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- GBA1 as a risk gene for osteoporosis in the specific populations and its role in the development of Gaucher disease.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2024Article
- Percent body fat, but not body mass index, is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Association of total body fat and fat distribution with bone mineral density among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years from Guangzhou, China.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Reference values for bone mass in young athletes: a cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Multiple non-invasive peripheral vascular function parameters with obesity and cardiometabolic risk indicators in school-aged children.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Temporal trends in cardiovascular health among Chinese urban children and adolescents, 2004-2019 pre-pandemic COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- A growth area: A review of the value of clinical studies of child growth for palaeopathology.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesNo nationwide paediatric reference standards for bone mineral density (BMD) are available in China. We aimed to provide sex-specific BMD reference values for Chinese children and adolescents (3-18 years).
methodsData (10 818 participants aged 3-18 years) were obtained from cross-sectional surveys of the China Child and Adolescent Cardiovascular Health in 2015, which included four municipality cities and three provinces. BMD was measured using Hologic Discovery Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scanner. The DXA measures were modelled against age, with height as an independent variable. The LMS statistical method using a curve fitting procedure was used to construct reference smooth cross-sectional centile curves for dependent versus independent variables.
resultsChildren residing in Northeast China had the highest total body less head (TBLH) BMD while children residing in Shandong Province had the lowest values. Among children, TBLH BMD was higher for boys as compared with girls; but, it increased with age and height in both sexes. Furthermore, TBLH BMD was higher among US children as compared with Chinese children. There was a large difference in BMD for height among children from these two countries. US children had a much higher BMD at each percentile (P) than Chinese children; the largest observed difference was at P50 and P3 and the smallest difference was at P97.
conclusionsThis is the first study to present a sex-specific reference dataset for Chinese children aged 3-18 years. The data can help clinicians improve interpretation, assessment and monitoring of densitometry results.
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