SynthesisThe American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry2017
Challenging Assumptions About African American Participation in Alzheimer Disease Trials.
Synthesis in The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Examining the Role of Community Engagement in Enhancing the Participation of Racial and Ethnic Minoritized Communities in Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials; A Rapid Review.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Pooled it
- Postoperative changes in cognition and cerebrospinal fluid neurodegenerative disease biomarkers.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2022Trial
- Understanding Inclusion and Participation of People From Black African Diaspora Communities in Health and Care Research: A Realist Review.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Review
- Achieving Inclusion in Pharmacological Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's Disease.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative-4 (ADNI-4) Engagement Core: A culturally informed, community-engaged research (CI-CER) model to advance brain health equity.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- A Mini-Review of Strategies for Recruiting Older African Americans to Alzheimer's Disease Research.Community health equity research & policy · 2024Review
- Retention of American Indian and Alaska Native participants in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Associations of Everyday and Lifetime Experiences of Discrimination With Willingness to Undergo Alzheimer Disease Predictive Testing.Neurology · 2024Article
- Leveraging African American family connectors for Alzheimer's disease genomic studies.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Article
- Intersectionality in Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of Female Sex and Black American Race in the Development and Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023Review
- A Qualitative Examination of Knowledge, Experiences, and Considerations of PET Brain Scan Participation Among Older Black and Latino Adults.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Article
- Understanding Online Registry Facilitators and Barriers Experienced by Black Brain Health Registry Participants: The Community Engaged Digital Alzheimer's Research (CEDAR) Study.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2023Article
- The Community Engaged Digital Alzheimer's Research (CEDAR) Study: A Digital Intervention to Increase Research Participation of Black American Participants in the Brain Health Registry.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2023Article
- Understanding Barriers and Facilitators to Signing Up for a Mobile-Responsive Registry to Recruit Healthy Volunteers and Members of Underrepresented Communities for Alzheimer's Disease Prevention Studies.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2023Article
- Screening and enrollment of underrepresented ethnocultural and educational populations in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2022Article
- Black and White individuals differ in dementia prevalence, risk factors, and symptomatic presentation.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2022Article
- Examination of race and gender differences in predictors of neuropsychological decline and development of Alzheimer's disease.The Clinical neuropsychologist · 2022Article
- Retaining Participants in Longitudinal Studies of Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Article
- Development and implementation of an electronic Clinical Dementia Rating and Financial Capacity Instrument-Short Form.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- Revisiting social MPE: an integration of molecular pathological epidemiology and social science in the new era of precision medicine.Expert review of molecular diagnostics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe authors investigated potential effects of increased African American participation in Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) clinical trials by examining differences in comorbid conditions and treatment outcome affecting trial design.
methodsUsing a meta-database of 18 studies from the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, a cohort of 5,164 subjects were included for whom there were baseline demographic data and information on comorbid disorders, grouped by organ system. Meta-analysis was used to compare prevalence of comorbidities, dropouts, and rates of change on the cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale by race. Clinical trial scenarios similar to recent therapeutic trials were simulated to determine effects of increased African American participation on statistical power.
resultsApproximately 7% of AD, 4% of MCI, and 11% of normal participants were African American. African American subjects had higher prevalence of cardiovascular disorders (odds ratio: 2.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.71-2.57) and higher rate of dropouts (odds ratio: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.15-2.21) compared with whites but lower rates of other disorders. There were no significant differences in rate of progression (-0.862 points/year; 95% CI: -1.89 to 0.162) by race and little effect on power in simulated trials with sample sizes similar to current AD trial designs.
conclusionIncreasing African American participation in AD clinical trials will require adaptation of trial protocols to address comorbidities and dropouts. However, increased diversity is unlikely to negatively affect trial outcomes and should be encouraged to promote generalizability of trial results.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.