Observational studyThe Journal of pediatrics2017
First Trimester Influenza Vaccination and Risks for Major Structural Birth Defects in Offspring.
Observational study in The Journal of pediatrics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal influenza vaccination during the first trimester of pregnancy and risk for birth defects: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of maternal influenza vaccination on adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- Maternal influenza vaccination and associated risk of fetal loss: A claims-based prospective cohort study.Vaccine · 2024Article
- Safety of the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in 2 Successive Pregnancies.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Defining and reporting adverse events of special interest in comparative maternal vaccine studies: a systematic review.Vaccine: X · 2024Review
- Prenatal Maternal Immunization for Infant Protection: A Review of the Vaccines Recommended, Infant Immunity and Future Research Directions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Distribution of maternal risk factors for orofacial cleft in infants in Indonesia: a multicenter prospective study.Archives of craniofacial surgery · 2024Article
- Maternal vaccination-current status, challenges, and opportunities.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2023Review
- Influenza vaccination during pregnancy and risk of selected major structural congenital heart defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study 2006-2011.Birth defects research · 2023Article
- Experience and attitudes on vaccinations recommended during pregnancy: survey on an Italian sample of women and consultant gynecologists.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- The risk of major structural birth defects associated with seasonal influenza vaccination during pregnancy: A population-based cohort study.Birth defects research · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Influenza vaccination during pregnancy and risk of selected major structural noncardiac birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study 2006-2011.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2022Article
- Seasonal Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy and the Risk of Major Congenital Malformations in Live-born Infants: A 2010-2016 Historical Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Article
- Developing algorithms for identifying major structural birth defects using automated electronic health data.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
14 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine risks for major structural birth defects in infants after first trimester inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) exposures. STUDY
designIn this observational study, we used electronic health data from 7 Vaccine Safety Datalink sites to examine risks for selected major structural defects in infants after maternal IIV exposure. Vaccine exposures for women with continuous insurance enrollment through pregnancy who delivered singleton live births between 2004 and 2013 were identified from standardized files. Infants with continuous insurance enrollment were followed to 1 year of age. We excluded mother-infant pairs with other exposures that potentially increased their background risk for birth defects. Selected cardiac, orofacial or respiratory, neurologic, ophthalmologic or otologic, gastrointestinal, genitourinary and muscular or limb defects were identified from diagnostic codes in infant medical records using validated algorithms. Propensity score adjusted generalized estimating equations were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs).
resultsWe identified 52 856 infants with maternal first trimester IIV exposure and 373 088 infants whose mothers were unexposed to IIV during first trimester. Prevalence (per 100 live births) for selected major structural birth defects was 1.6 among first trimester IIV exposed versus 1.5 among unexposed mothers. The adjusted PR was 1.02 (95% CI 0.94-1.10). Organ system-specific PRs were similar to the overall PR.
conclusionFirst trimester maternal IIV exposure was not associated with an increased risk for selected major structural birth defects in this large cohort of singleton live births.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.