ArticleEye (London, England)2017
Aqueous humor endothelin-1 and total retinal blood flow in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Article in Eye (London, England), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between endothelin-1 and diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Annexin A1 as a Key Modulator of Inflammatory, Glial, and Angiogenic Signaling Pathways in Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- ET-1, MMPs, ZAG, and APN Link Reduced Ocular Perfusion to Glaucoma.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- The effect of phacoemulsification surgery on early stage retrobulbar blood flow in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Increased aqueous humor levels of endothelin-1 in patients with open angle glaucoma.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Endothelin-1 Stimulates the Growth of Visceral and Subcutaneous Human Preadipocytes through Similar and Alternative Signaling Pathways via Type A and Type B Endothelin Receptors: Potential Implications for Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography as a Diagnostic Tool for Diabetic Retinopathy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Advances and Perspectives in Relation to the Molecular Basis of Diabetic Retinopathy-A Review.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Elevated endothelin-1 levels as risk factor for an impaired ocular blood flow measured by OCT-A in glaucoma.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Aqueous Humor Cytokines in Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Association of changes of retinal vessels diameter with ocular blood flow in eyes with diabetic retinopathy.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Hyperglycemia Augments Endothelin-1-Induced Constriction of Human Retinal Venules.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Melanocortin therapy ameliorates podocytopathy and proteinuria in experimental focal segmental glomerulosclerosis involving a podocyte specific non-MC1R-mediated melanocortinergic signaling.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2020Article
- Rho kinase inhibitors-a review on the physiology and clinical use in Ophthalmology.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2019Review
- Topical Administration of Bosentan Prevents Retinal Neurodegeneration in Experimental Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Constriction of Retinal Venules to Endothelin-1: Obligatory Roles of ETA Receptors, Extracellular Calcium Entry, and Rho Kinase.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2018Article
- Diabetic retinopathy and endothelin system: microangiopathy versus endothelial dysfunction.Eye (London, England) · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the association between aqueous ET-1 levels and total retinal blood flow (TRBF) in patients with non-insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and early non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).Patients and methodsA total of 15 age-matched controls and 15 T2DM patients with NPDR were recruited into the study. Aqueous humor (~80-120 μl) was collected before cataract surgery to measure the levels of ET-1 using suspension multiplex array technology. Four weeks post surgery, six images were acquired to assess TRBF using the prototype RTVue Doppler FD-OCT (Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA, USA) with a double circular scan protocol. At the same visit, forearm blood was collected to determine plasma glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) levels.ResultsAqueous ET-1 was significantly elevated in the NPDR group compared with the control group (3.5±1.8 vs 2.2±0.8, P=0.02). TRBF was found to be significantly reduced in the NPDR group compared with the control group (34.5±9.1 vs 44.1±4.6 μl/min, P=0.002). TRBF and aqueous ET-1 were not correlated within the NPDR group (r=-0.24, P=0.22). In a multivariate analysis, high A1c was associated with reduced TRBF and aqueous ET-1 levels across control and NPDR groups (P<0.01).ConclusionAqueous ET-1 levels were increased while TRBF was reduced in patients with NPDR compared with the control group. Although not directly associated, the vasoconstrictory effects of ET-1 are consistent with a reduced TRBF observed in early DR. ET-1 dysregulation may contribute to a reduction in retinal blood flow during early DR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.