Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28548302›Full record

ArticleMedical physics2017

Fast computation of full density matrix of multispin systems for spatially localized in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Yan Zhang, Li An, Jun Shen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medical physics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed.

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  14. Metabolic coupling between glutamate and N-acetylaspartate in the human brain.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024
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  18. Glutamate measurements using edited MRS.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yan ZhangMR Spectroscopy Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Li AnMolecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Jun ShenMR Spectroscopy Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.

Funding

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging Studies of Brain FunctionsZIAMH002803 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI SHEN, JUN · 2009 to 2025
$24.9M
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Core FacilityZICMH002894 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI SHEN, JUN · 2009 to 2024
$13.5M
MRS and Imaging Studies of Brain FunctionsZ01MH002803 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI SHEN, JUN · 2003 to 2008
$1.8M
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 MH002803Intramural NIH HHS Z99 MH999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIC MH002894
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeNumerical simulations of three-dimensionally localized MRS spectra have been very time consuming for multispin systems because the current state-of-the-art method requires computation of a large ensemble of spins pixel-by-pixel in three dimensional space. This paper describes a highly accelerated technique for computing spatially localized MRS spectra using the full solution to the Liouville-von Neumann equation.

methodsThe time evolution of spatially localized multispin density matrix as the full solution to the Liouville-von Neumann equation was analyzed. A new technique based on one dimensional spatial projection of the full density matrix was proposed. This method was implemented using a computer program written in Java language.

resultsThe MRS spectra calculated using the new method were found to be identical to conventional three-dimensional simulation for the same digitization of the voxel while the new method reduced computation time by orders of magnitude and led to not only improved speed but also accuracy. Applications of the new method to phantom studies of multispin systems and quantification of in vivo MRS spectra of brain were demonstrated.

conclusionThe dramatically enhanced computational efficiency makes accurate simulation of localized MRS spectra highly accessible for calculating basis sets for spectral quantification and for optimizing pulse sequences.

Indexed as

Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyPhantoms, ImagingSoftwareBrainHumansMagnetic Resonance Imaginglocalized MRSMRS quantificationmultispin density operatornumerical simulationone-dimensional projectionshaped RF pulse

Identifiers

PMID28548302
PMCPMC5578626

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.