ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2017
An environment-dependent transcriptional network specifies human microglia identity.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 728 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
728 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Identification of suicide brain transcriptomic signatures using meta-analysis of multiple cohorts.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Association between FDG- and TSPO-PET signals across human and animal studies investigating neurodegenerative conditions: a systematic review.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Translational modelling of human microglia from cultures to chimeras.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- P2X7 receptor-mediated IL-1β release by human brain tissue: the impact of CNS-penetrant potential therapeutics.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Microglial states revisited: from homeostasis to disease.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Translational benchmarking of 3D in vitro models of traumatic brain injury.Trends in biotechnology · 2026Review
- Macrophage heterogeneity in human secondary lymphoid organs.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a long-term co-maturation protocol for human stem cell-derived microglia and neuronal networks.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Human-specific SRGAP2 paralogs synchronize neotenic microglial maturation and synaptic development.Neuron · 2026Article
- Functional genomic profiling of schizophrenia-associated genes reveals key microglial regulators.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Single cell transcriptomic analysis by deep learning identifies novel microglial transcription regulations in Alzheimer's Disease.AI in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Pathogenic myeloid phenotypes drive disease pathology in a novel human neurohistiocytosis model.Blood · 2026Article
- KOLF2.1J iTF-Microglia: A standardized platform to study microglial transcriptional regulatory networks in CNS disease.iScience · 2026Article
- Article
- A highly efficient method to differentiate CGRP-expressing peptidergic nociceptors from human induced pluripotent stem cells.Stem cell reports · 2026Article
- Microglia-mediated synaptic pruning in neural circuit remodeling: multidimensional control in homeostasis and neuropathology.BMC medicine · 2026Review
- Reconstituting central nervous system niche cues partially restores homeostatic-like features in cultured murine primary microglia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- MIF-Induced CD74+ Microglia and Macrophages Promote Progression of Brain Metastasis and Are Clinically Relevant across Central Nervous System Disorders.Cancer research · 2026Article
668 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Microglia play essential roles in central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis and influence diverse aspects of neuronal function. However, the transcriptional mechanisms that specify human microglia phenotypes are largely unknown. We examined the transcriptomes and epigenetic landscapes of human microglia isolated from surgically resected brain tissue ex vivo and after transition to an in vitro environment. Transfer to a tissue culture environment resulted in rapid and extensive down-regulation of microglia-specific genes that were induced in primitive mouse macrophages after migration into the fetal brain. Substantial subsets of these genes exhibited altered expression in neurodegenerative and behavioral diseases and were associated with noncoding risk variants. These findings reveal an environment-dependent transcriptional network specifying microglia-specific programs of gene expression and facilitate efforts to understand the roles of microglia in human brain diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.