ArticlePloS one2017
Inflammatory biomarkers as predictors of heart failure in women without obstructive coronary artery disease: A report from the NHLBI-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE).
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum C-reactive protein in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Heart failure reviews · 2021Pooled it
- The Relationship Between the Systemic Immune Inflammatory Index and Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.The Eurasian journal of medicine · 2026Article
- Inflammation-based phenotyping and prognostic implications in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Serum amyloid A in HFpEF and cardiometabolic diseases.Basic research in cardiology · 2026Review
- Shared Genetic Characteristics of Coronary Artery Disease and Peripheral artery Disease: Insights From Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis of RNA-Sequencing Data.Bioinformatics and biology insights · 2025Article
- Beyond the Obstructive Paradigm: Unveiling the Complex Landscape of Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Influence of Age, Gender, Frailty, and Body Mass Index on Serum IL-17A Levels in Mature Type 2 Diabetic Patients.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Article
- Circulating Biomarkers in Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Review
- Ischemia and no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA): A narrative review.Atherosclerosis · 2022Review
- Trans-myocardial omega-3 fatty acid gradient in coronary microvascular dysfunction.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2022Article
- Sex differences in aortic stenosis: Identification of knowledge gaps for sex-specific personalized medicine.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2022Article
- Risk Factors Predisposing to Angina in Patients with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Molecular Hallmarks of Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: The "INOCA versus Obstructive CCS" Challenge.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- Coronary microvascular dysfunction as a chronic inflammatory state: Is there a role for omega-3 fatty acid treatment?American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2022Review
- Oxidative Stress and Related Biomarkers in Gilbert's Syndrome: A Secondary Analysis of Two Case-Control Studies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Risk factors for heart failure in women with ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2021Article
- Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Cardiovascular Risk Marker May Be Less Efficient in Women Than in Men.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Left ventricular circumferential strain and coronary microvascular dysfunction: A report from the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation Coronary Vascular Dysfunction (WISE-CVD) Project.International journal of cardiology · 2021Article
- Microvascular Angina: Diagnosis and Management.European cardiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWomen with signs and symptoms of ischemia, no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) often have diastolic dysfunction and experience elevated rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including heart failure (HF) hospitalization with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We evaluated the predictive value of inflammatory biomarkers for long-term HF hospitalization and all-cause mortality in these women.
methodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis to investigate the relationships between inflammatory biomarkers [serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA)] and median of 6 years follow-up for all-cause mortality and HF hospitalization among women with signs and symptoms of ischemia, non-obstructive CAD and preserved EF. Multivariable Cox regression analysis tested associations between biomarker levels and adverse outcomes.
resultsAmong 390 women, mean age 56 ± 11 years, median follow up of 6 years, we observed that there is continuous association between IL-6 level and HF hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 2.5 [1.2-5.0], p = 0.02). In addition, we found significant association between IL-6, SAA levels and all-cause mortality AHR (1.8 [1.1-3.0], p = 0.01) (1.5 [1.0-2.1], p = 0.04), respectively.
conclusionIn women with signs and symptoms of ischemia, non-obstructive CAD and preserved EF, elevated IL-6 predicted HF hospitalization and all-cause mortality, while SAA level was only associated with all-cause mortality. These results suggest that inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of development of HFpEF, as well all-cause mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.