ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2017
Serum LL-37 Levels Associated With Severity of Bronchiolitis and Viral Etiology.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- LL-37 selectively targets Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes and exhibits antimalarial activity.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Vitamin D and LL-37 in Serum and Saliva: Insights into Oral Immunity.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Cathelicidin, but not vitamin D, is associated independently with sepsis in pediatric patients with cancer and febrile neutropenia.Molecular and clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Lung antimicrobial proteins and peptides: from host defense to therapeutic strategies.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- Nasal cathelicidin is expressed in early life and is increased during mild, but not severe respiratory syncytial virus infection.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Between good and evil: Complexation of the human cathelicidin LL-37 with nucleic acids.Biophysical journal · 2024Review
- Niacinamide enhances cathelicidin mediated SARS-CoV-2 membrane disruption.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Impact of genetic polymorphisms related to innate immune response on respiratory syncytial virus infection in children.Virus genes · 2022Review
- Cord blood antimicrobial peptide LL37 levels in preterm neonates and association with preterm complications.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2022Article
- The ratio of serum LL-37 levels to blood leucocyte count correlates with COVID-19 severity.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Immunomodulatory Role of the Antimicrobial LL-37 Peptide in Autoimmune Diseases and Viral Infections.Vaccines · 2020Review
- Review
- Cathelicidin Host Defense Peptides and Inflammatory Signaling: Striking a Balance.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Plasma proteomic profiling suggests an association between antigen driven clonal B cell expansion and ME/CFS.PloS one · 2020Article
- Changing the Paradigm of Research in Pediatric Hospital Medicine.Hospital pediatrics · 2019Article
- Association of Serum Albumin With Apnea in Infants With Bronchiolitis: A Secondary Analysis of Data From the MARC-35 Study.JAMA network open · 2019Article
- Serum Metabolome Is Associated With the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota and Disease Severity Among Infants With Bronchiolitis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Severe bronchiolitis profiles and risk of recurrent wheeze by age 3 years.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Article
- Overcoming the Bronchiolitis Blues: Embracing Global Collaboration and Disease Heterogeneity.Pediatrics · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLL-37 is a host defense peptide with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. We examined the relation of serum LL-37 levels to the severity of bronchiolitis and viral etiology.
methodsWe performed a 17-center prospective cohort study in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis over 3 winters (2011-2014). Site teams collected clinical data, nasopharyngeal aspirates and serum. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction to test nasopharyngeal aspirates for 16 viruses. We tested serum for LL-37. Severity of bronchiolitis was defined by intensive care use and hospital length of stay. Viral etiology was defined as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or rhinovirus (RV), including coinfections with other viruses.
resultsThe median age of the 1005 enrolled infants was 3 months (interquartile range, 2-6 months). After adjustment for 12 variables, LL-37 levels in the lowest quartile, compared with the highest, were associated both with intensive care use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.97; P = .01) and longer hospital stay (1.34; P < .001). In separate multivariable models, infants with LL-37 levels in the lowest 3 quartiles, compared with the highest, were more likely to have RSV (eg, aOR, 2.6 [lowest quartile]; P < .001 [all quartiles]). By contrast, infants with the lowest 3 LL-37 quartiles were less likely to have RV (eg, aOR, 0.5 [lowest quartile]; Pall quartiles ≤ .03 [all quartiles]).
conclusionsIn a large multicenter study of infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis, lower levels of serum LL-37 were associated with increased severity of illness. There was also an inverse relationship between LL-37 levels and the most common virus causing bronchiolitis, RSV. These findings highlight the role of LL-37 in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis.
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