ArticleMicrobial ecology2017
An 18S rRNA Workflow for Characterizing Protists in Sewage, with a Focus on Zoonotic Trichomonads.
Article in Microbial ecology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fungal-Bacterial Interactions in Polymicrobial Infections: Hidden Threats.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- A Simple Yet Reliable 12S rRNA-Based Molecular Approach for Identifying Bat Species.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Ecological Health and Freshwater Pathogen Using eDNA Metabarcoding: A Preliminary Assessment for Environmental Surveillance Development in Malaysia.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Unravelling the temporal dynamics of community functions in protists induced by treated wastewater exposure using metatranscriptomics.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- 18S rDNA next-generation sequencing uncovers the biodiversity of Gastrointestinal parasites in Tibetan grazing ruminants in China.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Parasite sedimentary DNA reveals fish introduction into a European high-mountain lake by the seventh century.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Can Wastewater Surveillance Enhance Genomic Tracking of Climate-Driven Pathogens?Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Increased vegetation disturbance intensity reduces soil nutrients while enhancing microbial network interactions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Measurements of soil protist richness and community composition are influenced by primer pair, annealing temperature, and bioinformatics choices.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Unraveling metagenomics through long-read sequencing: a comprehensive review.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- VESPA: an optimized protocol for accurate metabarcoding-based characterization of vertebrate eukaryotic endosymbiont and parasite assemblages.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Review
- Holobiont Urbanism: sampling urban beehives reveals cities' metagenomes.Environmental microbiome · 2023Article
- The eukaryome of African children is influenced by geographic location, gut biogeography, and nutritional status.microLife · 2023Article
- Article
- Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Review
- De Novo Assembly and Annotation of the Vaginal Metatranscriptome Associated with Bacterial Vaginosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Protistan and fungal diversity in soils and freshwater lakes are substantially different.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Microbiome definition re-visited: old concepts and new challenges.Microbiome · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microbial eukaryotes (protists) are important components of terrestrial and aquatic environments, as well as animal and human microbiomes. Their relationships with metazoa range from mutualistic to parasitic and zoonotic (i.e., transmissible between humans and animals). Despite their ecological importance, our knowledge of protists in urban environments lags behind that of bacteria, largely due to a lack of experimentally validated high-throughput protocols that produce accurate estimates of protist diversity while minimizing non-protist DNA representation. We optimized protocols for detecting zoonotic protists in raw sewage samples, with a focus on trichomonad taxa. First, we investigated the utility of two commonly used variable regions of the 18S rRNA marker gene, V4 and V9, by amplifying and Sanger sequencing 23 different eukaryotic species, including 16 protist species such as Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia intestinalis, Toxoplasma gondii, and species of trichomonad. Next, we optimized wet-lab methods for sample processing and Illumina sequencing of both regions from raw sewage collected from a private apartment building in New York City. Our results show that both regions are effective at identifying several zoonotic protists that may be present in sewage. A combination of small extractions (1 mL volumes) performed on the same day as sample collection, and the incorporation of a vertebrate blocking primer, is ideal to detect protist taxa of interest and combat the effects of metazoan DNA. We expect that the robust, standardized methods presented in our workflow will be applicable to investigations of protists in other environmental samples, and will help facilitate large-scale investigations of protistan diversity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.