Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28539993›Full record

ReviewBasic and clinical neuroscience

Effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Interventions on Stereotyped and Repetitive Behaviors of Pre-school Children With Autism: A Systematic Review.

Hadi Zarafshan, Maryam Salmanian, Soudeh Aghamohammadi, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Seyed-Ali Mostafavi

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Basic and clinical neuroscience. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hadi ZarafshanPsychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Maryam SalmanianPsychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Soudeh AghamohammadiDepartment of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Reza MohammadiPsychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Seyed-Ali MostafaviPsychiatry & Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Tehran University of Medical Sciences · IRShahid Beheshti University · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe present study aimed to review the literature on non-pharmacological interventions used to treat stereotyped and repetitive behaviors by a systematic method.

methodsTwo authors independently performed a search strategy on Medline/PubMed, Scopus and PsycINFO on English articles published up to April 23, 2014 with relevant search keywords. We also reviewed the bibliographies of retrieved articles and conference proceedings to obtain additional citations and references. We examined those articles that addressed non-pharmacological interventions on reducing stereotyped and repetitive behaviors in preschool children with autism. Four independent reviewers screened relevant articles for inclusion criteria and assessed the quality of eligible articles with CONSORT checklist.

resultsIn our search, 664 relevant articles were found. After removing duplicates and screening based on title, abstract, and full text, 15 high-quality studies were finally included in data analyses. The included articles were published from 1987 to 2013. Three studies were designed as A-B, two as A-B-A, and reminders as A-B-A-B. The data and results of 3 clinical trials were synthesized; two of them were parallel randomized clinical trial and another one was designed as cross-over. Interventions were completely heterogeneous in case studies, including non-contingent auditory stimulation, response interruption and redirection, teaching the children to request assistance on difficult tasks, family-implemented treatment for behavioral inflexibility with treatment approach, vocal or motor response interruption and redirection, brushing, water mist treatment, exposure response prevention, tangible reinforcement or social reinforcement, and music. Interventions in clinical trials included touch therapy, kata techniques training program, and aerobic exercise.

conclusionThe results of our review indicate that different kinds of non-pharmacological interventions can be used to treat repetitive behaviors in children with autism; however, sufficient evidence for their effectiveness does not exist. Future research using more precise methods (RCTs) can clarify which methods and techniques are effective in reducing repetitive behavior of children with autism.

Indexed as

Autistic disorderChildChild development disordersPervasivePreschoolStereotyped behavior

Identifiers

PMID28539993
PMCPMC5440926
OpenAlexW2596843377

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.