ArticleGastroenterology report2017
Ascites, refractory ascites and hyponatremia in cirrhosis.
Article in Gastroenterology report, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Vaptans on Clinical Outcomes in Cirrhosis Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Human albumin infusion for reducing hyponatremia and circulatory dysfunction in liver cirrhosis: A meta-analysis update.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Ascites complications risk factors of decompensated cirrhosis patients: logistic regression and prediction model.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Impact of low sodium values on survival outcomes of patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.Immunotherapy · 2024Article
- Research progress and treatment status of malignant ascites.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Evidence-based hyponatremia management in liver disease.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2023Review
- Gastro‑oesophageal reflux disease in liver cirrhosis: Possible pathogenesis and clinical intervention (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Review
- Quantitative liver magnetic resonance imaging: correlation between conventional magnetic resonance imaging, laboratory values, and prognostic indices in Budd-Chiari syndrome.Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2023Article
- Urea Transporter Inhibitor 25a Reduces Ascites in Cirrhotic Rats.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- The Burden of Inappropriate Prescriptions and Predictors for Hospitalized Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in Ethiopia.Hepatic medicine : evidence and research · 2023Article
- Effects of Short-Term Human Albumin Infusion for the Prevention and Treatment of Hyponatremia in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Identifying Ascites in Patients with Cirrhosis Using Administrative Codes and Diuretic Use: A Multicenter Study.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2022Article
- Severity of Ascites Is Associated with Increased Mortality in Patients with Cirrhosis Secondary to Biliary Atresia.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2020Article
- Diagnostic utility of the serum-ascites albumin gradient in Mexican patients with ascites related to portal hypertension.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2020Article
- Drug Treatment of Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Ghana: Does It Comply with Recommended Guidelines?International journal of hepatology · 2020Article
- Current approaches to the management of patients with cirrhotic ascites.World journal of gastroenterology · 2019Review
- [Anesthesiological aspects of liver transplantation].Der Anaesthesist · 2019Article
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- Management of refractory cirrhotic ascites: challenges and solutions.Hepatic medicine : evidence and research · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ascites is the most common complication related to cirrhosis and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Ascites is a consequence of the loss of compensatory mechanisms to maintain the overall effective arterial blood volume due to worsening splanchnic arterial vasodilation as a result of clinically significant portal hypertension. In order to maintain effective arterial blood volume, vasoconstrictor and antinatriuretic pathways are activated, which increase overall sodium and fluid retention. As a result of progressive splanchnic arterial vasodilation, intestinal capillary pressure increases and results in the formation of protein-poor fluid within the abdominal cavity due to increased capillary permeability from the hepatic sinusoidal hypertension. In some patients, the fluid can translocate across diaphragmatic fenestrations into the pleural space, leading to hepatic hydrothorax. In addition, infectious complications such as spontaneous bacterial peritonitis can occur. Eventually, as the liver disease progresses related to higher portal pressures, loss of a compensatory cardiac output and further splanchnic vasodilation, kidney function becomes compromised from worsening renal vasoconstriction as well as the development of impaired solute-free water excretion and severe sodium retention. These mechanisms then translate into significant clinical complications, such as refractory ascites, hepatorenal syndrome and hyponatremia, and all are linked to increased short-term mortality. Currently, liver transplantation is the only curative option for this spectrum of clinical manifestations but ongoing research has led to further insight on alternative approaches. This review will further explore the current understanding on the pathophysiology and management of ascites as well as expand on two advanced clinical consequences of advanced liver disease, refractory ascites and hyponatremia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.