ArticleFrontiers in immunology2017
Endotoxin Contamination in Nanomaterials Leads to the Misinterpretation of Immunosafety Results.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed.
- A systematic review of structure-activity relationships in bacterial levan: physicochemical mediation and context-dependent functionality.RSC advances · 2026Review
- NLRP3 inflammasome activation by particles and fibers: implications for human hazard assessment.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Advances in Bioactive Polysaccharide-Small-Molecule Drug Supramolecular Nanocomplexes for Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Applications.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Advancing prussian blue nanoparticle-mediated photothermal therapy through machine learning and multiomics integration.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Biogenic nanoparticles: overview of challenges in production, characterization and use.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Review
- Toxic or non-toxic: a critical assessment of the contradictory results for selected graphene family materials.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Review
- Detection of Microbial Contamination in Nanomaterials Using LAL, rFC and Cell-Based Assays: Implications for Nanotoxicological Hazard Assessment.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Evaluation of Sterilized Bioactive-Glass-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Integrity and Biological Compatibility After Gamma Irradiation.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Designing nanoparticles to minimize unintended inflammatory responses: a step toward safer and more effective precision nanomedicine.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Pulmonary hazards of nanoplastic particles: a study using polystyrene in in vitro models of the alveolar and bronchial epithelium.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- A template wizard for the cocreation of machine-readable data-reporting to harmonize the evaluation of (nano)materials.Nature protocols · 2024Review
- Toward the scale-up production of polymeric nanotherapeutics for cancer clinical trials.Nano today · 2024Article
- Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Inhibit Tumor Progression and Suppress Lung Metastases in Mouse Models of Breast Cancer.ACS nano · 2024Article
- Environmental and Health Impacts of Graphene and Other Two-Dimensional Materials: A Graphene Flagship Perspective.ACS nano · 2024Review
- Role of Chemical Reduction and Formulation of Graphene Oxide on Its Cytotoxicity towards Human Epithelial Bronchial Cells.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Nanostructured Microparticles Repolarize Macrophages and Induce Cell Death in an In Vitro Model of Tumour-Associated Macrophages.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- The State of the Art and Challenges of In Vitro Methods for Human Hazard Assessment of Nanomaterials in the Context of Safe-by-Design.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Augmented Anticancer Activity of ZrOJournal of functional biomaterials · 2023Article
- Opposite Roles of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers and Foaming Agent in Polyhydroxyalkanoate-Based Materials.Polymers · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Given the presence of engineered nanomaterials in consumers' products and their application in nanomedicine, nanosafety assessment is becoming increasingly important. In particular, immunosafety aspects are being actively investigated. In nanomaterial immunosafety testing strategies, it is important to consider that nanomaterials and nanoparticles are very easy to become contaminated with endotoxin, which is a widespread contaminant coming from the Gram-negative bacterial cell membrane. Because of the potent inflammatory activity of endotoxin, contaminated nanomaterials can show inflammatory/toxic effects due to endotoxin, which may mask or misidentify the real biological effects (or lack thereof) of nanomaterials. Therefore, before running immunosafety assays, either
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.