ArticleBMC infectious diseases2017
Clinical characteristics of disseminated cryptococcosis in previously healthy children in China.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of cryptococcosis: an initiative of the ECMM and ISHAM in cooperation with the ASM.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Guideline
- Neurological Sequelae After Paediatric Cryptococcal Meningitis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Cryptococcosis in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients: Comparative Insights from Adult Cases.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Update on disseminated cryptococcosis in non-HIV infected children.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent children presenting with chest pain: Three case reports.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Elements of dissemination in cryptococcosis.mBio · 2024Review
- Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of pulmonary and extrapulmonary cryptococcosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- A nomogram to predict cryptococcal meningitis in patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Identification of risk factors for disseminated cryptococcosis in non-hiv patients: a retrospective analysis.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Article
- The Th2 Response and Alternative Activation of Macrophages Triggered byJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Cryptococcosis in Southern China: Insights from a Six-Year Retrospective Study in Eastern Guangdong.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Pulmonary Infection Caused by Strongyloides stercoralis.Acta parasitologica · 2022Article
- Murine Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression Is Essential for Antifungal Defenses in Kidneys during DisseminatedJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Titan Cells and Yeast Forms ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- It is not always Tuberculosis! A case of pulmonary cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent child in Uganda.African health sciences · 2021Article
- Associations betweenJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Pulmonary cryptococcosis coexisting with central type lung cancer in an immuocompetent patient: a case report and literature review.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2020Review
- Pulmonary Cryptococcosis: comparison of Cryptococcal antigen detection and radiography in Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised patients.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Microbiological, Epidemiological, and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Cryptococcal Meningitis at a Tertiary Hospital in China: A 6-Year Retrospective Analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDisseminated cryptococcosis is a rare and fatal disease, and limited data exist regarding it in children. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of disseminated cryptococcosis in previously healthy children in China.
methodsHospitalized patients with disseminated cryptococcosis were enrolled during January 1996 to December 2015 in Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, China. Data on clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, treatment, and prognosis were evaluated.
resultsA total of 52 pediatric patients with no underlying disease were enrolled, including 38 boys and 14 girls. Only 10 cases had a history of exposure to pigeon droppings. Fever, cough, and hepatomegaly were 3 main manifestations of disseminated cryptococcosis. However, headache was more common in patients with central nervous system (CNS) invasion than in patients with non-CNS invasion (P < 0.05). Lung (96.2%, 50/52) was the most commonly invaded organ, but only 9.6% (5/52) of patients had respiratory signs. The most common findings on chest imaging were hilar or mediastinal lymphadenopathy (46.8%, 22/47), and nodules (44.7%, 21/47), including small nodules in a scattered distribution (57.1%, 12/21) or miliary distribution (42.9%, 9/25), especially localized in subpleural area. Subsequent invasion occurred in the CNS, abdomen lymph nodes, liver, spleen, peripheral lymph nodes, and skin. In all patients, 42.3% (22/52) and 51.9% (27/52) had elevated eosinophils or IgE, respectively. The positive rate of serum cryptococcal antigen was higher, especially in patients with CNS invasion (approximately 83.3%), than with other primary methods used for pathogen detection, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cryptococcal antigen, cultures of blood, bone marrow, or CSF, and CSF ink staining. The overall mortality rate of pediatric patients in our study was 11.5% (6/52). Some cases had long-term sequela, including hydrocephalus, cirrhosis, or blindness.
conclusionsDisseminated cryptococcosis can occur in previously healthy or immunocompetent children in China. Lung and CNS were most commonly invaded by this disease. Furthermore, most cases usually showed no obvious or specific symptoms or signs, and therefore pediatricians should pay more careful attention to identify this disease.
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