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Phylogenetic Analyses Suggest that Factors Other Than the Capsid Protein Play a Role in the Epidemic Potential of GII.2 Norovirus.
Article in mSphere. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- GII.17 norovirus re-emerged in the 2020s as a result of dynamic and adaptive evolutionary processes.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The saga to monitor and control norovirus: the rise of GII.17.The Journal of general virology · 2025Review
- Norovirus replication, host interactions and vaccine advances.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Foodborne acute gastroenteritis outbreak associated with a rare norovirus recombinant GII.10[P16] genotype, Brazil, 2023.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025Article
- Out-of-sync evolutionary patterns and mutual interplay of major and minor capsid proteins in norovirus GII.2.The Journal of general virology · 2024Article
- Epidemiological Features of Human Norovirus Genotypes before and after COVID-19 Countermeasures in Osaka, Japan.Viruses · 2024Article
- Comprehensive full genome analysis of norovirus strains from eastern India, 2017-2021.Gut pathogens · 2024Article
- Molecular Epidemiology of Human Norovirus Variants from Outbreaks in Zhejiang Province, China, during 2021.Advances in virology · 2024Article
- Predominance of Recombinant Norovirus Strains in Greece, 2016-2018.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Emergence of GII.4 Sydney[P16]-like Norovirus-Associated Gastroenteritis, China, 2020-2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Early evolution and transmission of GII.P16-GII.2 norovirus in China.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
- Article
- Recombinant Noroviruses Circulating in Spain from 2016 to 2020 and Proposal of Two Novel Genotypes within Genogroup I.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Identification and genetic characterization of a minor norovirus genotype, GIX.1[GII.P15], from China.BMC genomic data · 2022Article
- Detection of Norovirus Recombinant GII.2[P16] Strains in Oysters in Thailand.Food and environmental virology · 2022Article
- Epidemiological and Genetic Characterization of Norovirus Outbreaks That Occurred in Catalonia, Spain, 2017-2019.Viruses · 2022Article
- Illuminating Human Norovirus: A Perspective on Disinfection of Water and Surfaces Using UVC, Norovirus Model Organisms, and Radiation Safety Considerations.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- What is the Potential Cause for the Predominance of GII.2[P16] Norovirus in Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in China?China CDC weekly · 2022Article
- Evolutionary analyses of emerging GII.2[P16] and GII.4 Sydney [P16] noroviruses.Virus evolution · 2022Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. For over two decades, a single genotype (GII.4) has been responsible for most norovirus-associated cases. However, during the winter of 2014 to 2015, the GII.4 strains were displaced by a rarely detected genotype (GII.17) in several countries of the Asian continent. Moreover, during the winter of 2016 to 2017, the GII.2 strain reemerged as predominant in different countries worldwide. This reemerging GII.2 strain is a recombinant virus that presents a GII.P16 polymerase genotype. In this study, we investigated the evolutionary dynamics of GII.2 to determine the mechanism of this sudden emergence in the human population. The phylogenetic analyses indicated strong linear evolution of the VP1-encoding sequence, albeit with minor changes in the amino acid sequence over time. Without major genetic differences among the strains, a clustering based on the polymerase genotype was observed in the tree. This association did not affect the substitution rate of the VP1. Phylogenetic analyses of the polymerase region showed that reemerging GII.P16-GII.2 strains diverged into a new cluster, with a small number of amino acid substitutions detected on the surface of the associated polymerase. Thus, besides recombination or antigenic shift, point mutations in nonstructural proteins could also lead to novel properties with epidemic potential in different norovirus genotypes.
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