ArticleWorld journal of critical care medicine2017
Female gonadal hormone effects on microglial activation and functional outcomes in a mouse model of moderate traumatic brain injury.
Article in World journal of critical care medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- mTOR Activation Is Required for the Proliferation of Reactive Astrocytes in the Hippocampus During Traumatic Brain Injury.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Repeated, sustained inflammation affects hippocampal dependent learning and neuroinflammation across age and sex.Behavioural brain research · 2025Article
- Effects of sex and pro-inflammatory cytokines on context discrimination memory.Behavioural brain research · 2023Article
- Influence of Sex and Muscarinic Activity on Memory Retrieval in Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Diacylglycerol Lipase-β Knockout Mice Display a Sex-Dependent Attenuation of Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Mortality with No Impact on Memory or Other Functional Consequences.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2021Article
- Reward and immune responses in adolescent females following experimental traumatic brain injury.Behavioural brain research · 2020Article
- Pediatric Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Elicits T Cell-Mediated Neuroinflammation.Neurotrauma reportsArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
aimTo address the hypothesis that young, gonad-intact female mice have improved long-term recovery associated with decreased neuroinflammation compared to male mice.
methodsEight to ten week-old male, female, and ovariectomized (OVX) mice underwent closed cranial impact. Gonad-intact female mice were injured only in estrus state. After injury, between group differences were assessed using complementary immunohistochemical staining for microglial cells at 1 h, mRNA polymerase chain reaction for inflammatory markers at 1 h after injury, Rotarod over days 1-7, and water maze on days 28-31 after injury.
resultsMale mice had a greater area of injury (
conclusionDifferences in mortality, long-term neurological recovery, and markers of neuroinflammation exist between female and male mice after moderate traumatic brain injury (MTBI). Unexpectedly, OVX mice have decreased long term neurological function after MTBI when compared to gonad intact male and female mice. As such, it can be concluded that the presence of female gonadal hormones may influence behavioural outcomes after MTBI, though mechanisms involved are unclear.
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