ReviewTherapeutic advances in medical oncology2017
History and current state of immunotherapy in glioma and brain metastasis.
Review in Therapeutic advances in medical oncology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Radiation-Induced Neurodegeneration.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- DLGAP5 facilitates glioblastoma growth and tumor-associated macrophage M2 polarization.Journal of molecular histology · 2025Article
- In silico prediction of GRP78-CRIPTO binding sites to improve therapeutic targeting in glioblastoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Co-expression of immune checkpoints in glioblastoma revealed by single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Glioma-Associated Sialoglycans Drive the Immune Suppressive Phenotype and Function of Myeloid Cells.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Immunotherapeutic Approaches for the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme: Mechanism and Clinical Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- T cell exhaustion in malignant gliomas.Trends in cancer · 2023Review
- Myeloidcells in the immunosuppressive microenvironment in glioblastoma: The characteristics and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- MTAP loss correlates with an immunosuppressive profile in GBM and its substrate MTA stimulates alternative macrophage polarization.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Prolonged survival in patients with local chronic infection after high-grade glioma treatment: Two case reports.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Glioblastoma gene network reconstruction and ontology analysis by online bioinformatics tools.Journal of integrative bioinformatics · 2021Article
- Review
- Imaging temozolomide-induced changes in the myeloid glioma microenvironment.Theranostics · 2021Article
- Immunotherapy for Neuro-oncology.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Review
- The Landscape of Novel Therapeutics and Challenges in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Contemporary State and Future Directions.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Sinoporphyrin sodium is a promising sensitizer for photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy in glioma.Oncology reports · 2020Article
- SUMOylation of PUM2 promotes the vasculogenic mimicry of glioma cells via regulating CEBPD.Clinical and translational medicine · 2020Article
- Review
- Immune phenotyping of diverse syngeneic murine brain tumors identifies immunologically distinct types.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Glial TIM-3 Modulates Immune Responses in the Brain Tumor Microenvironment.Cancer research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Malignant brain tumors such as glioblastoma (GBM) and brain metastasis have poor prognosis despite conventional therapies. Successful use of vaccines and checkpoint inhibitors in systemic malignancy has increased the hope that immune therapies could improve survival in patients with brain tumors. Manipulating the immune system to fight malignancy has a long history of both modest breakthroughs and pitfalls that should be considered when applying the current immunotherapy approaches to patients with brain tumors. Therapeutic vaccine trials for GBM date back to the mid 1900s and have taken many forms; from irradiated tumor lysate to cell transfer therapies and peptide vaccines. These therapies were generally well tolerated without significant autoimmune toxicity, however also did not demonstrate significant clinical benefit. In contrast, the newer checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated durable benefit in some metastatic malignancies, accompanied by significant autoimmune toxicity. While this toxicity was not unexpected, it exceeded what was predicted from pre-clinical studies and in many ways was similar to the prior trials of immunostimulants. This review will discuss the history of these studies and demonstrate that the future use of immune therapy for brain tumors will likely need a personalized approach that balances autoimmune toxicity with the opportunity for significant survival benefit.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.