Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28529316›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Drug discovery2017

Pharmacological modulation of autophagy: therapeutic potential and persisting obstacles.

Lorenzo Galluzzi, José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro, Beth Levine, Douglas R Green, Guido Kroemer

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04823806 (Autophagy Characterization and Multi-level Molecular Profiling of Spermidine Supplementation), which is not on this map. Cited by 483 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
483citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04823806 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Autophagy Characterization and Multi-level Molecular Profiling of Spermidine Supplementation: a Clinical Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity Hospital, BonnRan2020 to 2024Enrolled80ConditionsDepression, HealthyArmsSpermidine (spermidineLIFE ®) OR Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

483 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Exploring the Neuroprotective Effects of Walnut (International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Autophagy modulation in cancer.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Trehalose's untapped mechanisms in alzheimer's: gut-brain-autophagy signalling beyond the usual targets.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Links Between Autophagy and Healthy Aging.Journal of molecular biology · 2026
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

423 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lorenzo GalluzziDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, USA.
José Manuel Bravo-San PedroUniversité Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75006, France.
Beth LevineCenter for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
Douglas R GreenSt Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
Guido KroemerUniversité Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75006, France.

Funding

Genetic and Pathway Analysis CoreU19AI109725 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI VIRGIN, HERBERT W · 2014 to 2018
$32.7M
Beclin 1-Bcl-2 Interactions: Effects on AutophagyR01CA109618 · NCI · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI LEVINE, BETH C · 2004 to 2014
$3.1M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA109618NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI109725
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autophagy is central to the maintenance of organismal homeostasis in both physiological and pathological situations. Accordingly, alterations in autophagy have been linked to clinically relevant conditions as diverse as cancer, neurodegeneration and cardiac disorders. Throughout the past decade, autophagy has attracted considerable attention as a target for the development of novel therapeutics. However, such efforts have not yet generated clinically viable interventions. In this Review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of autophagy modulators, analyse the obstacles that have limited their development and propose strategies that may unlock the full therapeutic potential of autophagy modulation in the clinic.

Indexed as

Drug DesignAnimalsAutophagyHeart DiseasesHumansMolecular Targeted TherapyNeoplasmsNeurodegenerative Diseases

Identifiers

PMID28529316
PMCPMC5713640

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.