ArticleBiology of sex differences2017
Sex differences in rat placental development: from pre-implantation to late gestation.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Fetal sex shapes placental inflammatory responses to extracellular mitochondrial DNA.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Dynamic shifts in trophoblast nucleos(t)ide metabolism, transport, and adenosine signaling during gestation and preterm birth.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Sex differences in placental structure and gene expression in ICR mice during embryonic development.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Feto-placental blood vessel development.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- Sex-differentiated placental methylation and gene expression regulation has implications for neonatal traits and adult diseases.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Effects of periconceptional ethanol on mitochondrial content and oxidative stress in maternal liver and placentas from male and female fetuses in rats.The Journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Maternal characteristics impact the relationship between fetal sex and superimposed preeclampsia.Pregnancy hypertension · 2024Article
- DNA methylation landscape in pregnancy-induced hypertension: progress and challenges.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024Review
- Antioxidant Response of Maternal and Fetal Rat Liver to Selenium Nanoparticle Supplementation Compared to Sodium Selenite: Sex Differences between Fetuses.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Maternal nano-titanium dioxide inhalation exposure alters placental cyclooxygenase and oxidant balance in a sexually dimorphic manner.Advances in redox research · 2024Article
- Obesogenic Diet in Mice Leads to Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Mother in Association with Sex-Specific Changes in Fetal Development, Inflammatory Markers and Placental Transcriptome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Gastrulation-stage alcohol exposure induces similar rates of craniofacial malformations in male and female C57BL/6J mice.Birth defects research · 2024Article
- Sexual dimorphic miRNA-mediated response of bovine elongated embryos to the maternal microenvironment.PloS one · 2024Article
- Genes Selectively Expressed in Rat Organs.Current genomics · 2024Article
- Maternal exposure to nano-titanium dioxide impedes fetal development via endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in the placental labyrinth in mice.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2023Article
- The interaction of genetic sex and prenatal alcohol exposure on health across the lifespan.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2023Review
- Developmental toxicity and programming alterations of multiple organs in offspring induced by medication during pregnancy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2023Review
- Ssc-miR-92b-3p Regulates Porcine Trophoblast Cell Proliferation and Migration via theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA male fetus is suggested to be more susceptible to
methodsNaturally mated Sprague Dawley dams were used to collect blastocysts at embryonic day (E) 5 to characterise cell allocation; total, TE, and inner cell mass (ICM), and differentiation to downstream trophoblast cell types. Placental tissues were collected at E13, E15, and E20 to characterise volumes of placental compartments, and sex-specific gene expression profiles.
resultsPre-implantation embryos showed no sex differences in cell allocation (total, TE and ICM) or early trophoblast differentiation, assessed by outgrowth area, number and ploidy of trophoblasts and P-TGCs, and expression of markers of trophoblast stem cell state or differentiation. Whilst no changes in placental structures were found in the immature E13 placenta, the definitive E15 placenta from female fetuses had reduced labyrinthine volume, fetal and maternal blood space volume, as well as fetal blood space surface area, when compared to placentas from males. No differences between the sexes in labyrinth trophoblast volume or interhaemal membrane thickness were found. By E20 these sex-specific placental differences were no longer present, but female fetuses weighed less than their male counterparts. Coupled with expression profiles from E13 and E15 placental samples may suggest a developmental delay in placental differentiation.
conclusionsAlthough there were no overt differences in blastocyst cell number or early placental development, reduced growth of the female labyrinth in mid gestation is likely to contribute to lower fetal weight in females at E20. These data suggest sex differences in fetal growth trajectories are due at least in part, to differences in placenta growth.
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