Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28522849›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2017

CarcinoPred-EL: Novel models for predicting the carcinogenicity of chemicals using molecular fingerprints and ensemble learning methods.

Li Zhang, Haixin Ai, Wen Chen, Zimo Yin, Huan Hu, Junfeng Zhu, Jian Zhao, Qi Zhao, Hongsheng Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Article
  3. AI/ML-based computational models for toxicity prediction.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2026
    Review
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  8. Machine learning driven LDFrontiers in oncology · 2026
    Article
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  17. Unlocking the potential of AI: Machine learning and deep learning models for predicting carcinogenicity of chemicals.Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Li ZhangSchool of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
Haixin AiSchool of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
Wen ChenSchool of Information, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
Zimo YinSchool of Information, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
Huan HuSchool of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
Junfeng ZhuSchool of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
Jian ZhaoSchool of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China.
Qi ZhaoResearch Center for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-macromolecules of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110036, China.
Hongsheng LiuSchool of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China. liuhongsheng@lnu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carcinogenicity refers to a highly toxic end point of certain chemicals, and has become an important issue in the drug development process. In this study, three novel ensemble classification models, namely Ensemble SVM, Ensemble RF, and Ensemble XGBoost, were developed to predict carcinogenicity of chemicals using seven types of molecular fingerprints and three machine learning methods based on a dataset containing 1003 diverse compounds with rat carcinogenicity. Among these three models, Ensemble XGBoost is found to be the best, giving an average accuracy of 70.1 ± 2.9%, sensitivity of 67.0 ± 5.0%, and specificity of 73.1 ± 4.4% in five-fold cross-validation and an accuracy of 70.0%, sensitivity of 65.2%, and specificity of 76.5% in external validation. In comparison with some recent methods, the ensemble models outperform some machine learning-based approaches and yield equal accuracy and higher specificity but lower sensitivity than rule-based expert systems. It is also found that the ensemble models could be further improved if more data were available. As an application, the ensemble models are employed to discover potential carcinogens in the DrugBank database. The results indicate that the proposed models are helpful in predicting the carcinogenicity of chemicals. A web server called CarcinoPred-EL has been built for these models ( http://ccsipb.lnu.edu.cn/toxicity/CarcinoPred-EL/ ).

Indexed as

Machine LearningSoftwareAnimalsCarcinogensQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipRatsCarcinogens

Identifiers

PMID28522849
PMCPMC5437031

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.