ArticleScientific reports2017
High-Performance PVC Gel for Adaptive Micro-Lenses with Variable Focal Length.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toward Skin-like Sensors: Stretchable Conductive Gels for Triboelectric Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Tensile Modeling PVC Gels for Electrohydraulic Actuators.Polymers · 2025Article
- Broadening Bandwidth in a Semi-Active Vibration Absorption System Utilizing Stacked Polyvinyl Chloride Gel Actuators.Micromachines · 2024Article
- Characteristics Analysis of Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride Gel-Based Microlens at Different Temperatures.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Plasticized PVC-Gel Single Layer-Based Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Mechanical Energy and Tactile Sensing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- On the mechanism of performance improvement of electroactive polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel actuators via conductive fillers.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Continuous High-Throughput Fabrication of Architected Micromaterials via In-Air Photopolymerization.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2021Article
- Electrically Tunable Lenses: A Review.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2021Review
- Large-scale microlens arrays on flexible substrate with improved numerical aperture for curved integral imaging 3D display.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Biomimetic optics: liquid-based optical elements imitating the eye functionality.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2020Review
- Hydrogels as Potential Nano-, Micro- and Macro-Scale Systems for Controlled Drug Delivery.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- High-performance polyvinyl chloride gel artificial muscle actuator with graphene oxide and plasticizer.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This paper presents a bio-inspired adaptive micro-lens with electrically tunable focus made of non-ionic high-molecular-weight polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gel. The optical device mimics the design of the crystalline lens and ciliary muscle of the human eye. It consists of a plano-convex PVC gel micro-lens on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) glass, confined with an annular electrode operating as an artificial ciliary muscle. Upon electrical activation, the electroactive adhesive force of the PVC gel is exerted on the annular anode electrode, which reduces the sagittal height of the plano-convex PVC gel lens, resulting in focal length variation of the micro-lens. The focal length increases from 3.8 mm to 22.3 mm as the applied field is varied from 200 V/mm to 800 V/mm, comparable to that of the human lens. The device combines excellent optical characteristics with structural simplicity, fast response speed, silent operation, and low power consumption. The results show the PVC gel micro-lens is expected to open up new perspectives on practical tunable optics.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.