ArticleCancer immunology research2017
Soluble PD-L1 as a Biomarker in Malignant Melanoma Treated with Checkpoint Blockade.
Article in Cancer immunology research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 231 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
231 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prognostic significance of programmed cell death ligand 1 blood markers in non-small cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Pre-treatment soluble PD-L1 as a predictor of overall survival for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Pooled it
- Soluble PD-L1 as a Prognostic Factor for Immunotherapy Treatment in Solid Tumors: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic value of soluble programmed cell death-1 (sPD-1) and soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 (sPD-L1) for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic Role of Soluble Programmed Death Ligand 1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Predictive Performance of Serum S100BFrontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Inhibitory Immune Checkpoint Molecule Expression in Clinical Sepsis Studies: A Systematic Review.Critical care medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Emerging Blood-Based Biomarkers for Predicting Response to Checkpoint Immunotherapy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Pooled it
- Dendritic cell vaccines targeting tumor blood vessel antigens in combination with dasatinib induce therapeutic immune responses in patients with checkpoint-refractory advanced melanoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Trial
- Switches in alternatively spliced isoforms impact protein and drug interactions in melanoma, ovarian cancer, and acute myeloid leukemia.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Engineered CTLA-4 targeting chimeras for targeted protein degradation and immune synapse reprogramming.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Secreted protein circuits in the gastrointestinal tumour microenvironment: determinants of immunotherapy response and resistance.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Regulation of immune checkpoint molecules in cancer immune evasion and therapy.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Circulating proteins as biomarkers of response to cancer immunotherapy (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- The emerging roles of alternative splicing in modulating tumor immune responses and immunotherapies.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Review
- Serum soluble PD-L1 predicts hepatocellular carcinoma development across distinct virological cohorts of chronic hepatitis C.Hepatology international · 2026Article
- Longitudinal plasma proteome profiling identifies IFN-gamma dynamics as a time-dependent predictor of immunotherapy response in advanced gastric cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17A as predictive biomarkers for treatment response to PD-1 blockade immunochemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Depletion of Soluble PD-L1 with Engineered Nanoparticles Promotes Antitumor Immunity and Tumor Control.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Serum Arginase-1 is a predictive biomarker for melanoma patients and a surrogate indicator of systemic myeloid cell fitness.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
171 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Blockade of the pathway including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) has produced clinical benefits in patients with a variety of cancers. Elevated levels of soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) have been associated with worse prognosis in renal cell carcinoma and multiple myeloma. However, the regulatory roles and function of sPD-L1 particularly in connection with immune checkpoint blockade treatment are not fully understood. We identified four splice variants of PD-L1 in melanoma cells, and all of them are secreted. Secretion of sPD-L1 resulted from alternate splicing activities, cytokine induction, cell stress, cell injury, and cell death in melanoma cells. Pretreatment levels of sPD-L1 were elevated in stage IV melanoma patient sera compared with healthy donors. High pretreatment levels of sPD-L1 were associated with increased likelihood of progressive disease in patients treated by CTLA-4 or PD-1 blockade. Although changes in circulating sPD-L1 early after treatment could not distinguish responders from those with progressive disease, after five months of treatment by CTLA-4 or PD-1 blockade patients who had increased circulating sPD-L1 had greater likelihood of developing a partial response. Induction of sPD-L1 was associated with increased circulating cytokines after CTLA-4 blockade but not following PD-1 blockade. Circulating sPD-L1 is a prognostic biomarker that may predict outcomes for subgroups of patients receiving checkpoint inhibitors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.