Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2017
Defining a Cutoff for Atazanavir in Hair Samples Associated With Virological Failure Among Adolescents Failing Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment.
Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05333679 (Urine Tenofovir Point-of-care Test to Identify Patients in Need of ART Adherence Support), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Urine Tenofovir Point-of-care Test to Identify Patients in Need of ART Adherence Support (UTRA Study)
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antiretroviral Concentration in Hair as a Measure for Antiretroviral Medication Adherence: A Systematic Review of Global Literature.AIDS and behavior · 2020Pooled it
- Comparing pill counts and patient self-reports versus DBS tenofovir concentrations as ART adherence measurements with virologic outcomes and HIV drug resistance in a cohort of adolescents and young adults failing ART in Harare, Zimbabwe.Journal of infection and public health · 2024Trial
- Short Communication: Higher Tenofovir Concentrations in Hair Are Associated with Decreases in Viral Load and Not Self-Reported Adherence in HIV-Infected Adolescents with Second-Line Virological Treatment Failure.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Trial
- Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of atazanavir in hair among adolescents on antiretroviral treatment in Zimbabwe.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2021Trial
- A population pharmacokinetic model is beneficial in quantifying hair concentrations of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir: a study of HIV-infected Zimbabwean adolescents.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2020Trial
- Measuring patient engagement with HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Review
- Hair Zidovudine Concentrations Predict Virologic Outcomes Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in China.Patient preference and adherence · 2022Article
- Simultaneous Determination of 6 Antiretroviral Drugs in Human Hair Using an LC-ESI+-MS/MS Method: Application to Adherence Assessment.Therapeutic drug monitoring · 2021Article
- Article
- Tenofovir and emtricitabine concentrations in hair are comparable between individuals on tenofovir disoproxil fumarate versus tenofovir alafenamide-based ART.Drug testing and analysis · 2021Article
- Association of Hair Concentrations of Antiretrovirals with Virologic Outcomes Among People Living with HIV in Guangxi, China.Patient preference and adherence · 2021Article
- Approaches to Objectively Measure Antiretroviral Medication Adherence and Drive Adherence Interventions.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2020Review
- Comparing self-reported medication adherence measures with hair antiretroviral concentration among people living with HIV in Guangxi, China.AIDS research and therapy · 2020Article
- Tenofovir concentrations in hair strongly predict virologic suppression in breastfeeding women.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
- Measuring Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy via Hair Concentrations in India.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Antiretroviral drug concentrations in hair are associated with virologic outcomes among young people living with HIV in Tanzania.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Development and validation of an assay to analyze atazanavir in human hair via liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM · 2018Article
- Brief Report: Lopinavir Hair Concentrations Are the Strongest Predictor of Viremia in HIV-Infected Asian Children and Adolescents on Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdequate antiretroviral exposure is crucial to virological suppression. We assessed the relationship between atazanavir hair levels with self-reported adherence, virological outcomes, and the effect of a home-based adherence intervention in HIV-infected adolescents failing second-line antiretroviral treatment in Zimbabwe.
methodsHIV-infected adolescents on atazanavir/ritonavir-based second-line treatment for ≥6 months with viral load (VL) >1000 copies/mL were randomized to either standard care (control) or standard care plus modified directly administered antiretroviral therapy (intervention). Questionnaires were administered; VL and hair samples were collected at baseline and after 90 days in each group. Viral suppression was defined as <1000 copies/mL after follow-up.
resultsFifty adolescents (10-18 years) were enrolled; 23 (46%) were randomized to intervention and 27 (54%) to control. Atazanavir hair concentration <2.35 ng/mg (lower interquartile range for those with virological suppression) defined a cutoff below which most participants experienced virological failure. Male sex (P = 0.03), virological suppression at follow-up (P = 0.013), greater reduction in VL (P = 0.006), and change in average self-reported adherence over the previous month (P = 0.031) were associated with adequate (>2.35 ng/mg) hair concentrations. Participants with virological failure were more likely to have suboptimal atazanavir hair concentrations (RR = 7.2, 95% CI: 1 to 51, P = 0.049). There were no differences in atazanavir hair concentration between the arms after follow-up.
conclusionsA threshold of atazanavir concentrations in hair (2.35 ng/mg), above which virological suppression was likely, was defined for adolescents failing second-line atazanavir/ritonavir-based ART in Zimbabwe. Male sex and better self-reported adherence were associated with adequate atazanavir hair concentrations. Antiretroviral hair concentrations may serve as a useful clinical tool among adolescents.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.