Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28515903›Full record

ReviewAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2017

The threat of antimicrobial resistance in developing countries: causes and control strategies.

James A Ayukekbong, Michel Ntemgwa, Andrew N Atabe

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04673487 (Comparative Study of Commercially Available Typhoid Point of Care Tests to Benchmark Current and Emerging Tools), which is not on this map. Cited by 595 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
595citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
43.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04673487 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Comparative Study of Commercially Available Typhoid Point of Care Tests to Benchmark Current and Emerging Tools

TypeobservationalSponsorKenya Medical Research InstituteRan2021 to 2021Enrolled2,000ConditionsTyphoid FeverArms1. SD Bioline Salmonella Typhi IgG/IgM Fast test, 2. Typhidot Rapid IgG/IgM combo test, 3. TUBEX TF test, 4.Typhoid IgG/IgM Combo Rapid Test CE, 5. Enterocheck WB test, 6. Test-itTM Typhoid IgM test
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

595 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,300 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Burden ofBMJ global health · 2026
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  9. Antimicrobial resistance profile ofFrontiers in public health · 2024
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535 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

James A AyukekbongSection for Clinical Microbiology, Redeem Biomedical, P.O. Box 16, Buea, Cameroon.
Michel NtemgwaHuman Safety Division, Veterinary Drugs Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON Canada.
Andrew N AtabeSchool of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
Health Canada · CAUniversity of Ottawa · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The causes of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in developing countries are complex and may be rooted in practices of health care professionals and patients' behavior towards the use of antimicrobials as well as supply chains of antimicrobials in the population. Some of these factors may include inappropriate prescription practices, inadequate patient education, limited diagnostic facilities, unauthorized sale of antimicrobials, lack of appropriate functioning drug regulatory mechanisms, and non-human use of antimicrobials such as in animal production. Considering that these factors in developing countries may vary from those in developed countries, intervention efforts in developing countries need to address the context and focus on the root causes specific to this part of the world. Here, we describe these health-seeking behaviors that lead to the threat of AMR and healthcare practices that drive the development of AMR in developing countries and we discuss alternatives for disease prevention as well as other treatment options worth exploring.

Indexed as

Antimicrobial therapyDeveloping countriesMicroorganismsResistance

Identifiers

PMID28515903
PMCPMC5433038
OpenAlexW2615010047

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.