ArticleOncotarget2017
Local immune response depends on p16INK4a status of primary tumor in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- PD-L1 expression in anogenital and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas associated with different clinicopathological features, HPV status and prognosis: a meta-analysis.Bioscience reports · 2021Pooled it
- The likely possibility of predicting treatment outcomes of cervical lesions using serum FOXP3 and P16INK4A as shown by a cohort study in South Western Uganda.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast and Female Genital Tract Cancers: Overlooked Potential and Unexplored Frontiers.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- An integrated model for prognosis in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Mechanisms driving the immunoregulatory function of cancer cells.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2023Review
- Upregulation of p16INK4A in Peripheral White Blood Cells as a Novel Screening Marker for Colorectal Carcinoma.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2022Article
- T-Cell Density at the Invasive Margin and Immune Phenotypes Predict Outcome in Vulvar Squamous Cell Cancer.Cancers · 2022Article
- Immune landscape in vulvar cancer-draining lymph nodes indicates distinct immune escape mechanisms in support of metastatic spread and growth.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- Is There a Place for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Vulvar Neoplasms? A State of the Art Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Molecular pathways in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: implications for target therapeutic strategies.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2020Review
- Response: Letter regarding "The prognostic value of p16 and p53 expression for survival after vulvar cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis".Gynecologic oncology reports · 2019Article
- Overexpression of p16Frontiers in oncology · 2019Article
- Expression of CD3, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in mammary and extra-mammary Paget disease.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2018Article
- PD-L1 expression on immune cells is a favorable prognostic factor for vulvar squamous cell carcinoma patients.Oncotarget · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe p16Ink4a is not a surrogate marker for high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) genotypes but indicates better prognosis in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma patients. Our recent study confirmed substantial mismatch between p16Ink4a and high-risk HPV-status as well as revealed that p16Ink4a-overexpression itself is an independent prognostic factor for vulvar cancer.
aimTo determine significance of the tumor infiltrating immune cells and p16Ink4a-status for better outcome of patients with vulvar cancer.
methodsIntraepithelial tumor infiltrating lymphocytes: CD8+, CD4+, FOXP3+, CD56+, tumor associated macrophages: CD68+, and GZB+ cells were calculated in 85 vulvar squamous cell carcinomas with previously defined p16Ink4a and high-risk HPV-status. Number of intraepithelial CD8+, CD4+, FOXP3+, CD56+, CD68+ and GZB+ cells were compared between tumors with different p16INK4a status and overlapping high-risk HPV-status separately. Survival analyses included the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model.
resultsp16Ink4a-negative tumors were more infiltrated by intraepithelial CD8+, CD4+ and GZB+ cells than p16Ink4a-positive tumors (p=0.032, p=0.016 and p=0.007 respectively). High-risk HPV-status did not correlate with the infiltration of immune cells. Median follow up was 89.20 months (range 1.7-189.5). High CD4+ and CD56+ indices were correlated with prognosis in p16Ink4a-positive cases (p=0.039 and p=0.013 respectively). Low CD68+ infiltrates were correlated with prognosis in p16Ink4a-negative cases (p=0.018).
conclusionp16Ink4a-status impacts local immune surveillance as represented by tumor infiltrating immune cells. Immunologic effects contributing to clinical outcome might depend on p16Ink4a-overexpression.
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