ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2017
Fluid Balance in Team Sport Athletes and the Effect of Hypohydration on Cognitive, Technical, and Physical Performance.
Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 77 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Hydration Changes on Neuromuscular Function of Athletes With Low Water Intake
The Impact of Buoy on Hydration Status of Active Men and Women
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 201 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutrition education and behavioral interventions in youth team-sport and related development settings: a systematic review of nutrition knowledge, dietary behaviors, hydration, body composition, and performance.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of hypohydration and fluid balance in athletes' cognitive performance: a systematic review.African health sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Sustainable solutions to mitigate occupational heat strain - an umbrella review of physiological effects and global health perspectives.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2020Pooled it
- Fluid balance and hydration status in combat sport Olympic athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of controlled and uncontrolled studies.European journal of nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Performance Changes Following Heat Acclimation and the Factors That Influence These Changes: Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Pooled it
- Randomized Trial to Assess the Safety and Tolerability of Daily Intake of an Allulose Amino Acid-Based Hydration Beverage in Men and Women.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Effects of the Amount and Frequency of Fluid Intake on Cognitive Performance and Mood among Young Adults in Baoding, Hebei, China: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Integrative Nutritional Strategies for Performance, Recovery, and Weight Management in Taekwondo.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Self-Reported Changes in Exercise-Related Hydration Practices over a 30-Day Period in Physically Active University Students.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nutritional Strategies for Recovery-Adaptation Coupling After Exercise: From Muscle Damage to Performance Remodeling.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Creatinine Normalization Over-Corrects Urinary Electrolytes but Not Protein: Implications for Hydration Monitoring in Athletes.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Fully 3D-Printed Analytical Device Based on a Novel Floating Electrode Mechanism for Sweat Rate Acquisition.ACS measurement science au · 2026Article
- Beyond the Disc: Positional Differences in Morphological and Physical Performance Characteristics Among Male Ultimate Frisbee Players.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Fluid balance and electrolyte losses in collegiate male soccer players in practice and game under different environments.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Hydration Strategies in Ultra-Endurance Running: A Narrative Review of Programmed Versus Thirst-Driven Approaches.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Perspectives on enhancing human performance in the heat: Is the solution to simply "just add water"?Sports medicine and health science · 2025Review
- Effects of Weight-Cutting Practices on Sleep, Recovery, and Injury in Combat Sports: A Scoping Review.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Review
- Wireless arm-worn bioimpedance sensor for continuous assessment of whole-body hydration.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sweat losses in team sports can be significant due to repeated bursts of high-intensity activity, as well as the large body size of athletes, equipment and uniform requirements, and environmental heat stress often present during training and competition. In this paper we aimed to: (1) describe sweat losses and fluid balance changes reported in team sport athletes, (2) review the literature assessing the impact of hypohydration on cognitive, technical, and physical performance in sports-specific studies, (3) briefly review the potential mechanisms by which hypohydration may impact team sport performance, and (4) discuss considerations for future directions. Significant hypohydration (mean body mass loss (BML) >2%) has been reported most consistently in soccer. Although American Football, rugby, basketball, tennis, and ice hockey have reported high sweating rates, fluid balance disturbances have generally been mild (mean BML <2%), suggesting that drinking opportunities were sufficient for most athletes to offset significant fluid losses. The effect of hydration status on team sport performance has been studied mostly in soccer, basketball, cricket, and baseball, with mixed results. Hypohydration typically impaired performance at higher levels of BML (3-4%) and when the method of dehydration involved heat stress. Increased subjective ratings of fatigue and perceived exertion consistently accompanied hypohydration and could explain, in part, the performance impairments reported in some studies. More research is needed to develop valid, reliable, and sensitive sport-specific protocols and should be used in future studies to determine the effects of hypohydration and modifying factors (e.g., age, sex, athlete caliber) on team sport performance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.