ReviewParasitology research2017
Toxoplasma gondii and schizophrenia: a review of published RCTs.
Review in Parasitology research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cloning, expression, and purification of an α-carbonic anhydrase fromJournal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Diseases Caused by and Behaviors Associated withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- A comprehensive assessment of toxoplasmosis and its dormant impact on psychotic disorders (Review).Biomedical reports · 2024Review
- Application of gold immunochromatographic assay strip combined with digital evaluation for early detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in multiple species.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Implications of the Microbial Hypothesis of Mental Illness.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Plasma Soluble P-selectin, Interleukin-6 and S100B Protein in Patients with Schizophrenia: a Pilot Study.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2022Article
- Toxoplasmosis and Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence and Associations and Future Directions.Psychiatric research and clinical practice · 2022Article
- Forward Genetics in Apicomplexa Biology: The Host Side of the Story.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Is latent Toxoplasma gondii infection associated with the occurrence of schizophrenia? A case-control study.PloS one · 2022Article
- Infectious agents as risk factors for psychosis - A time to reconsider and reinvigorate investigations.Schizophrenia research · 2021Article
- Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Cerebral Toxoplasmosis.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- Neurological and Neurobehavioral Disorders Associated withJournal of parasitology research · 2021Review
- Two old drugs, NVP-AEW541 and GSK-J4, repurposed against the Toxoplasma gondii RH strain.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Antimalarial Agents as Therapeutic Tools Against Toxoplasmosis-A Short Bridge between Two Distant Illnesses.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Antibodies in the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Prediction of Psychotic Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2019Review
- Is Toxoplasma gondii infection correlated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?- a population-based study.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Treatment of Toxoplasmosis: Historical Perspective, Animal Models, and Current Clinical Practice.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- Autoimmune phenotypes in schizophrenia reveal novel treatment targets.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2018Review
- Toxoplasma gondii: Biological Parameters of the Connection to Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the last 60 years, accumulating evidence has suggested that acute, chronic, and maternal Toxoplasma gondii infections predispose to schizophrenia. More recent evidence suggests that chronically infected patients with schizophrenia present with more severe disease. After acute infection, parasites form walled cysts in the brain, leading to lifelong chronic infection and drug resistance to commonly used antiparasitics. Chronic infection is the most studied and closely linked with development and severity of schizophrenia. There are currently four published randomized controlled trials evaluating antiparasitic drugs, specifically azithromycin, trimethoprim, artemisinin, and artemether, in patients with schizophrenia. No trials have demonstrated a change in psychopathology with adjunctive treatment. Published trials have either selected drugs without evidence against chronic infection or used them at doses too low to reduce brain cyst burden. Furthermore, trials have failed to achieve sufficient power or account for confounders such as previous antipsychotic treatment, sex, age, or rhesus status on antiparasitic effect. There are currently no ongoing trials of anti-Toxoplasma therapy in schizophrenia despite ample evidence to justify further testing.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.