ArticleFrontiers in neurology2017
Parkinson Disease: An Evolutionary Perspective.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association of Levels of Physical Activity With Risk of Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2018Pooled it
- Movement disorders: a brief overview from an evolutionary perspective.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Review
- Multi-omic insights into Parkinson's Disease: From genetic associations to functional mechanisms.Neurobiology of disease · 2022Review
- Managing Intractable Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A Nonsurgical Approach Employing Infralow Frequency Neuromodulation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- A Single Session of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Increases Muscle Strength, Endurance and proNGF in Early Parkinson Patients.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- The Design and Application of an Appropriate Parkinson's Disease Animal Model in Regenerative Medicine.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2021Review
- Calcium, Bioenergetics, and Parkinson's Disease.Cells · 2020Review
- High-Intensity Interval Cycle Ergometer Training in Parkinson's Disease: Protocol for Identifying Individual Response Patterns Using a Single-Subject Research Design.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- Parkinson's disease: Is it a consequence of human brain evolution?Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2019Article
- Novel Approaches for the Treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Electrophysiological and Neurochemical Considerations of Distinct Neuronal Populations in the Rat Pedunculopontine Nucleus and Their Responsiveness Following 6-Hydroxydopamine Lesions.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- The Gut and Parkinson's Disease-A Bidirectional Pathway.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Review
- 'Evolutionary medicine' perspectives on Alzheimer's Disease: Review and new directions.Ageing research reviews · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There are two central premises to this evolutionary view of Parkinson disease (PD). First, PD is a specific human disease. Second, the prevalence of PD has increased over the course of human history. Several lines of evidence may explain why PD appears to be restricted to the human species. The major manifestations of PD are the consequence of degeneration in the dopamine-synthesizing neurons of the mesostriatal neuronal pathway. It is of note the enormous expansion of the human dopamine mesencephalic neurons onto the striatum compared with other mammals. Hence, an evolutionary bottle neck was reached with the expansion of the massive nigrostriatal axonal arborization. This peculiar nigral overload may partly explain the selective fragility of the human dopaminergic mesencephalic neurotransmission and the unique presence of PD in humans. On the other hand, several facts may explain the increasing prevalence of PD over the centuries. The apparently low prevalence of PD before the twentieth century may be related to the shorter life expectancy and survival compared to present times. In addition, changes in lifestyle over the course of human history might also account for the increasing burden of PD. Our hunter-gatherers ancestors invested large energy expenditure on a daily basis, a prototypical physical way of life for which our genome remains adapted. Technological advances have led to a dramatic reduction of physical exercise. Since the brain release of neurotrophic factors (including brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is partially exercise related, the marked reduction in exercise may contribute to the increasing prevalence of PD.
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