ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2017
Vitamin D Insufficiency and Cognitive Function Trajectories in Older Adults: The Rancho Bernardo Study.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of a Six-Month Multi-Ingredient Nutrition Supplement Intervention of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, vitamin D, Resveratrol, and Whey Protein on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2018Trial
- Associations of cognitive impairment and physical disability with the risk and reversibility of depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults.BMC geriatrics · 2026Observational
- Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for cognitive decline in individuals aged 50 or older.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Vitamin D and calcium metabolism in bipolar disorder: a scoping review of contradictory evidence.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2026Review
- Neuroprotective Roles of Vitamin D: Bridging the Gap Between Mechanisms and Clinical Applications in Cognitive Decline.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bidirectional association between grip strength and cognitive function in Chinese older adults: a nationwide cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The role of nitric oxide, insulin resistance, and vitamin D in cognitive function of older adults.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Is There a Role of Vitamin D in Alzheimer's Disease?CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Microglia and Brain Disorders: The Role of Vitamin D and Its Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Association between lower serum vitamin D (25-hydroxy-cholecalciferol) concentrations and cognitive impairment in older adults: data from a populational-based cohort study in a middle-income country.Public health nutrition · 2022Article
- Exploring the Association between Vitamin D and Changes in Cognitive Function in Chilean Older Adults: Evidence from the ALEXANDROS Cohort Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Vitamin D and Folate as Predictors of MMSE in Alzheimer's Disease: A Machine Learning Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the pregnant women: an observational study in Shanghai, China.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2020Article
- Low Vitamin D and Its Association with Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.Journal of aging research · 2020Review
- Non-Skeletal Activities of Vitamin D: From Physiology to Brain Pathology.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence of a role for vitamin D (VitD) in cognitive aging is mixed and based primarily on extreme VitD deficiency. We evaluated the association of VitD insufficiency with cognitive function in older, community-dwelling adults living in a temperate climate with year-round sunshine.
methodsA population-based longitudinal study of 1,058 adults (median age 75; 62% women) who had cognitive function assessed and serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitaminD (25OHD) measured in 1997-99 and were followed for up to three additional cognitive function assessments over a 12-year period.
resultsOverall, 14% (n = 145) of participants had VitD insufficiency defined as 25OHD <30 ng/ml. Adjusting for age, sex, education, and season, VitD insufficiency was associated with poorer baseline performance on the Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) (p = 0.013), Trails Making Test B (Trails B) (p = 0.015), Category Fluency (p = 0.006), and Long Term Retrieval (p = 0.019); differences were equivalent to 5 years of age. For those with VitD insufficiency, the odds of mildly impaired performance at baseline were 38% higher for MMSE (p = 0.08), 78% higher for Trails B (p = 0.017), and 2-fold higher for Category Fluency and Long Term Retrieval (both p = 0.001). VitD insufficiency was not related to the rate of cognitive decline on any test or the risk of developing impaired performance during follow-up.
conclusionIn this population with little VitD deficiency, even moderately low VitD was associated with poorer performance on multiple domains of cognitive function. Low VitD did not predict 12-year cognitive decline. Clinical trials are essential to establish a causal link between VitD and cognitive well-being.
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