ArticleJournal of vascular surgery2017
Racial differences in functional decline in peripheral artery disease and associations with socioeconomic status and education.
Article in Journal of vascular surgery, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2024 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/APMA/ABC/SCAI/SVM/SVN/SVS/SIR/VESS Guideline for the Management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2024Guideline
- Guideline
- Efficacy of Community-Based Exercise Therapy Among African American Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2019Trial
- Racial Differences in the Effect of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor on Improved Walking Distance in Peripheral Artery Disease: The PROPEL Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Trial
- Disparities in Physical Function and Rehabilitation Utilization: A Cross-sectional Study of Patients Hospitalized for Acute Medical Illness.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Ethical allocation of physical and occupational therapy in acute care.Journal of hospital medicine · 2025Article
- Gastrocnemius Myofiber Type and Mitochondrial Alterations Associated With Peripheral Artery Disease Severity.Function (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Peripheral artery disease.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- ARTS is associated with vascular risk factors, MCI, dementia, and stroke.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Global and national burden of peripheral arterial disease from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of global burden of disease study 2021.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Racial and Socioeconomic Health Disparities in Peripheral Artery Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Review
- Overview and comparison of contemporary Society for Vascular Surgery, American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology, and European Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines for the management of patients with intermittent claudication.Seminars in vascular surgery · 2024Review
- Global disease burden and its attributable risk factors of peripheral arterial disease.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Health Disparities in Peripheral Artery Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2023Review
- Impact of neighborhood social disadvantage on the presentation and management of peripheral artery disease.Journal of vascular surgery · 2023Article
- Disparities in peripheral artery disease care: A review and call for action.Seminars in vascular surgery · 2022Review
- Differences in Self-Rated Health and Physical Activity Due to Education Level among Koreans: Understanding Implications of Physical Education.Iranian journal of public health · 2021Article
- Disparities in Peripheral Artery Disease Hospitalizations Identified Among Understudied Race-Ethnicity Groups.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Correlations of Calf Muscle Macrophage Content With Muscle Properties and Walking Performance in Peripheral Artery Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of this study was to determine whether blacks with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) have faster functional decline than whites with PAD.
methodsParticipants with ankle-brachial index <0.90 were identified from Chicago medical centers and observed longitudinally. Mobility impairment and the 6-minute walk were assessed at baseline and every 6 to 12 months. Mobility loss was defined as becoming unable to walk up and down a flight of stairs or to walk ¼ mile without assistance.
resultsOf 1162 PAD participants, 305 (26%) were black. Median follow-up was 46.0 months. Among 711 PAD participants who walked 6 minutes continuously at baseline, black participants were more likely to become unable to walk 6 minutes continuously during follow-up (64/171 [37.4%] vs 156/540 [28.9%]; log-rank, P = .006). Black race was associated with becoming unable to walk 6 minutes continuously, adjusting for age, sex, ankle-brachial index, comorbidities, and other confounders (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.99; P = .022). This association was attenuated after adjustment for income and education (P = .229). Among 844 participants without baseline mobility impairment, black participants had a higher rate of mobility loss (64/209 [30.6%] vs 164/635 [25.8%]; log-rank, P = .009). Black race was associated with increased mobility loss, adjusting for potential confounders (hazard ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.94; P = .028). This association was attenuated after additional adjustment for income and education (P = .392) and physical activity (P = .113). There were no racial differences in average annual declines in 6-minute walk, usual-paced 4-meter walking velocity, or fast-paced 4-meter walking velocity.
conclusionsBlack PAD patients have higher rates of mobility loss and becoming unable to walk for 6 minutes continuously. These differences appear related to racial differences in socioeconomic status and physical activity.
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Registered trials
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