Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2017
Varenicline versus nicotine patch with brief advice for smokers with substance use disorders with or without depression: effects on smoking, substance use and depressive symptoms.
Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Varenicline and Motivational Advice for Smokers With SUD
Targeting Orexin to Treat Nicotine Dependence
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Cessation classification likelihood increases with higher expired-air carbon monoxide cutoffs: a meta-analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Pooled it
- Treatment adherence in a smoking cessation clinical trial for individuals with current or past major depressive disorder: Predictors and association with cessation.Addictive behaviors · 2023Trial
- Timing of smoking cessation treatment integrated into outpatient treatment with medications for opioid use disorder: Feasibility trial.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2022Trial
- Effect of varenicline directly observed therapy versus varenicline self-administered therapy on varenicline adherence and smoking cessation in methadone-maintained smokers: a randomized controlled trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Trial
- Smokers with opioid use disorder may have worse drug use outcomes after varenicline than nicotine replacement.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2019Trial
- Longitudinal Findings from a Randomized Clinical Trial of Varenicline for Alcohol Use Disorder with Comorbid Cigarette Smoking.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2019Trial
- Sequential and simultaneous treatment approaches to cannabis use disorder and tobacco use.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2019Trial
- Effects of Varenicline, Depressive Symptoms, and Region of Enrollment on Smoking Cessation in Depressed Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Trial
- Effects of varenicline versus transdermal nicotine replacement therapy on cigarette demand on quit day in individuals with substance use disorders.Psychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Treating Smokers in Substance Treatment With Contingent Vouchers, Nicotine Replacement and Brief Advice Adapted for Sobriety Settings.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2017Trial
- Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness of Varenicline for Treating Co-Occurring Cannabis and Tobacco Use.Journal of psychoactive drugsTrial
- Identifying determinants of varenicline adherence using the Theoretical Domains framework: a rapid review.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Evidence-Based Guideline for the Treatment of Smoking Cessation Provided by the National Health Insurance Service in Korea.Korean journal of family medicine · 2024Article
- Study title: A systematic review of RCTs to examine the risk of adverse cardiovascular events with nicotine use.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Nicotine and opioid co-dependence: Findings from bench research to clinical trials.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Review
- Risk of depression in patients with oral cancer: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Initiating Pharmacologic Treatment in Tobacco-Dependent Adults. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2020Article
- Review
- Missed opportunities to test the neuropsychiatric safety--and efficacy--of varenicline among smokers with substance use disorders.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsVarenicline was compared with transdermal nicotine (NRT) for smokers with current substance use disorders (SUD) for effects on 3-month smoking abstinence (primary outcome) and, secondarily, on 3- and 6 month abstinence while adjusting for medication adherence, and on additional smoking and substance use outcomes. Moderation by major depressive disorder history (MDD) and adherence were investigated.
designDouble-blind double-placebo-controlled randomized design, stratifying by MDD, gender and nicotine dependence, with 3 and 6 months follow-up.
settingUniversity offices in Rhode Island, USA.
participantsAdult smokers (n = 137), in SUD treatment, substance abstinent <12 months (n = 77 varenicline, 60 NRT). INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Twelve weeks of varenicline (2 mg/day, after 1-week dose run-up) or NRT (21 mg/day decreasing to 7 mg/day). MEASUREMENTS: Primary: point-prevalence smoking abstinence (7-day, confirmed) at 3 months. Secondary: point-prevalence abstinence at 6 months, quantity and frequency of smoking and substance use at 3 and 6 months, and within-treatment abstinence, medication adherence and depressive symptoms. Smoking outcome analyses were repeated controlling for adherence and investigating adherence as a moderator.
findingsEffects on 3-month abstinence were P < 0.065 without a covariate (Bayes factor 3.35, supporting the effect strongly) and differed significantly when controlling for baseline smoking [varenicline: 13%, NRT: 3%; odds ratio (OR) = 4.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00, 23.13, P < 0.05]. The threefold difference at 6 months was not significant. Medication effect on abstinence across time was significant (P < 0.05) covarying adherence and baseline smoking (OR = 6.40, 95% CI = 1.00, 40.93). Medication differences in 3-month abstinence occurred among participants with ≥ 77% adherence (P < 0.02). No significant medication effects on heavy drinking, drug use or depressive symptoms were found.
conclusionsVarenicline appears to improve the chances of achieving at least 3 months of smoking abstinence in smokers with substance use disorders trying to stop, compared with transdermal nicotine patches, the effect being independent of history of depressive disorder.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.