SynthesisEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2018
Evidence-based prevention and treatment of osteoporosis after spinal cord injury: a systematic review.
Synthesis in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy and safety of bisphosphonate analogs for treatment of osteoporosis after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2021Pooled it
- Evaluating the health and fitness benefits of a 6-month FES-cycling program on a recumbent trike for individuals with motor complete SCI: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Participatory continuous nursing using the WeChat platform for patients with spinal cord injuries.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Trial
- Open-label clinical trial of alendronate after teriparatide therapy in people with spinal cord injury and low bone mineral density.Spinal cord · 2019Trial
- Different approach to bone mineral density in non-traumatic spinal cord injury: a comparison with traumatic spinal cord injury.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- Surgical periosteal resection changes bone geometry and strength in New Zealand white rabbits.JBMR plus · 2025Article
- A bibliometric analysis of evidence-based medicine publications of Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute of Iran in Scopus Database.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- What We Do and What We Should Do Against Malnutrition in Spinal Cord Injury: A Position Paper From Italian Spinal Cord Injury Network Rehabilitation Centers.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2024Review
- Association of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements with Fractures in Persons with a Traumatic SCI.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Prevalence and influencing factors of spinal cord injury-related osteoporosis and fragility fractures in Thai people with chronic spinal cord injury: A cross-sectional, observational study.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2023Observational
- Guidelines for management of pediatric acute hyperextension spinal cord injury.Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2023Review
- Drug discovery in spinal cord injury-induced osteoporosis: a text mining-based study.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Preliminary training volume and progression algorithm to tackle fragility fracture risk during exoskeleton-assisted overground walking in individuals with a chronic spinal cord injury.Spinal cord series and cases · 2022Review
- Bone Mineral Density Post a Spinal Cord Injury: A Review of the Current Literature Guidelines.Cureus · 2022Review
- The Effects of Exercise and Activity-Based Physical Therapy on Bone after Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Effect of External Mechanical Stimuli on Human Bone: a narrative review.Progress in biomedical engineering (Bristol, England) · 2022Article
- A perspective on adverse health outcomes after breast cancer treatment in women with spinal cord injury.Spinal cord · 2021Review
- Treatment of bilateral sacral insufficiency fractures with sacroplasty in a patient with motor complete tetraplegia.Spinal cord series and cases · 2021Article
- Delayed Systemic Treatment with Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist Mitigates Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Osteoporosis More Than Acute Treatment Directly after Injury.Neurotrauma reports · 2021Article
- Effects of an Overground Walking Program With a Robotic Exoskeleton on Long-Term Manual Wheelchair Users With a Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol for a Self-Controlled Interventional Study.JMIR research protocols · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSpinal cord injury (SCI) results in accelerated bone mineral density (BMD) loss and disorganization of trabecular bone architecture. The mechanisms underlying post-SCI osteoporosis are complex and different from other types of osteoporosis. Findings of studies investigating efficacy of pharmacological or rehabilitative interventions in SCI-related osteoporosis are controversial. The aim of this study was to review the literature pertaining to prevention and evidence-based treatments of SCI-related osteoporosis.
methodsIn this systematic review, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library were used to identify papers from 1946 to December 31, 2015. The search strategy involved the following keywords: spinal cord injury, osteoporosis, and bone loss.
resultsFinally, 56 studies were included according to the inclusion criteria. Only 16 randomized controlled trials (involving 368 patients) were found. We found following evidences for effectiveness of bisphosphonates in prevention of BMD loss in acute SCI: very low-quality evidence for clodronate and etidronate, low-quality evidence for alendronate, and moderate-quality evidence for zoledronic acid. Low-quality evidence showed no effectiveness for tiludronate. In chronic SCI cases, we found low-quality evidence for effectiveness of vitamin D
conclusionsNo recommendations can be made from this review, regarding overall low quality of evidence as a result of high risk of bias, low sample size in most of the studies, and notable heterogeneity in type of intervention, outcome measurement, and duration of treatment. Therefore, future high-quality RCT studies with higher sample sizes and more homogeneity are strongly recommended to provide high-quality evidence and make applicable recommendations for prevention and treatment of SCI-related bone loss.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.