ArticleBritish journal of pain2017
Schoolbags and back pain in children between 8 and 13 years: a national study.
Article in British journal of pain, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of School Backpack Weight on Shape of Children's Feet.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Associations between school backpack loading, sitting time and low back pain among schoolchildren in Gaborone, Botswana.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring musculoskeletal discomfort and school bag loads among Thai primary school students: a school-based cross-sectional survey.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Risk Factors Involved in Postural Disorders in Children and Adolescents.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Comics as a Physical Education Tool for Health Promotion in Brazilian Primary Education, Based on Paulo Freire's Principles of Empowerment.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Acute Effects of Schoolbag Loading on Posture and Gait Mechanics in 10- to 13-Year-Old Children: A Cohort from the North West Province.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- An Analysis of the Risk Factors for Postural Defects among Early School-Aged Children.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The burden of low back pain in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity: from pathophysiology to prevention and treatment strategies.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2023Review
- Prevalence and determinants of musculoskeletal pain among school-going children carrying schoolbags: A cross-sectional study from Central India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
- Back pain and its risk factors in Brazilian adolescents: a longitudinal study.British journal of pain · 2021Article
- Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain and Its Relation With Weight of Backpacks in School-Going Children in Eastern India.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Backpack improper use causes musculoskeletal injuries in adolescents: A systematic review.Journal of education and health promotion · 2021Article
- Relationship between School Backpacks and Musculoskeletal Pain in Children 8 to 10 Years of Age: An Observational, Cross-Sectional and Analytical Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Observational
- Back Pain and Schoolbags among Adolescents in Abha City, Southwestern Saudi Arabia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- The Influence of the Schoolbag on Standing Posture of First-Year Elementary School Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Schoolbag weight carriage in Portuguese children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study comparing possible influencing factors.BMC pediatrics · 2019Article
- Prevalence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Neck, Shoulders and Low-Back Pain in Secondary-School Children.Journal of research in health sciences · 2019Article
- Associations of socio-demographic, perceived environmental, social and psychological factors with active travel in Hong Kong adolescents: the iHealt(H) cross-sectional study.Journal of transport & health · 2019Article
- Normative values for relative schoolbag weight in primary school children aged 6-14 from Czech Republic: A pilot study.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Schoolbag weight in schoolchildren is a recurrent and contentious issue within the educational and health sphere. Excessive schoolbag weight can lead to back pain in children, which increases the risk of chronic back pain in adulthood. There is limited research regarding this among the Maltese paediatric population. A cross-sectional study was undertaken across all schools in Malta among students aged 8-13 years (inclusive). Data were collected using a questionnaire detailing schoolbag characteristics, self-reported pain and demographic variables, such as age and gender. Structured interviews with participants were also carried out by physiotherapists. A total of 4005 participants were included in the study, with 20% of the total Malta schoolchildren population. Over 70% of the subjects had a schoolbag that exceeded the recommended 10% bag weight to body ratio. A total of 32% of the sample complained of back pain, with 74% of these defining it as low in intensity on the face pain scale-revised. The presence of back pain was statistically related to gender, body mass index (BMI), school and bag weight to body weight ratio. After adjusting for other factors, self-reported back pain in schoolchildren is independently linked to carrying heavy schoolbags. This link should be addressed to decrease the occurrence of back pain in this age group.
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