ArticleOccupational and environmental medicine2017
Occupational exposure to endotoxins and lung cancer risk: results of the ICARE Study.
Article in Occupational and environmental medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Animal farming and the oral microbiome in the Agricultural Health Study.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Immune modulating effects of continuous bioaerosol and terpene exposure over three years among sawmill workers in Norway.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2025Article
- Estimated exposure to endotoxin and circulating immunological markers among male farmers in the Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect in Agriculture study.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2025Article
- Occupational farm work activities influence workers' indoor home microbiome.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Association of immunotoxicological indices with lung cancer biomarkers in poultry, grape, and rose farming workers.Toxicological research · 2023Article
- Article
- Tumor necrosis factor-α small interfering RNA alveolar epithelial cell-targeting nanoparticles reduce lung injury in C57BL/6J mice with sepsis.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Article
- In Patients with Mild-to-Moderate COPD, Tobacco Smoking, and Not COPD, Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Comorbidity.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2020Article
- Agriculture Occupational Exposures and Factors Affecting Health Effects.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2018Review
- Industrial hog farming is associated with altered circulating immunological markers.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the role of occupational exposure to endotoxins in lung cancer in a French population-based case-control study (ICARE (Investigation of occupational and environmental causes of respiratory cancers)).
methodsDetailed information was collected on the occupational history and smoking habits from 2926 patients with histologically confirmed lung cancer and 3555 matched controls. We evaluated each subject's endotoxin exposure after cross referencing International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) codes (for job tasks) and Nomenclature d'Activités Françaises (NAF) codes (for activity sectors). Endotoxin exposure levels were attributed to each work environment based on literature reports. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models and controlled for main confounding factors.
resultsAn inverse association between exposure to endotoxins and lung cancer was found (OR=0.80, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.95). Negative trends were shown with duration and cumulative exposure, and the risk was decreased decades after exposure cessation (all statistically significant). Lung cancer risk was particularly reduced among workers highly exposed (eg, in dairy, cattle, poultry, pig farms), but also in those weakly exposed (eg, in waste treatment). Statistically significant interactions were shown with smoking, and never/light smokers were more sensitive to an endotoxin effect than heavy smokers (eg, OR=0.14, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.32 and OR=0.80, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.40, respectively, for the quartiles with the highest cumulative exposure, compared with those never exposed). Pronounced inverse associations were shown with adenocarcinoma histological subtype (OR=0.37, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.55 in the highly exposed).
conclusionsOur findings suggest that exposure to endotoxins, even at a low level, reduces the risk of lung cancer.
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