ArticleBMJ open2017
Possible relationship between general and pregnancy-related anxiety during the first half of pregnancy and the birth process: a prospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05386004 (Effects Of Focus On Birth-Specific Stereogram Cards), which is not on this map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects Of Focus On Birth-Specific Stereogram Cards (BSSC) On Perception Of Labour Pain
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal associations between maternal sleep, anxiety, depression across pregnancy trimesters and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective cohort study.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Responsiveness of the Japanese version of the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 and its predictive validity for postnatal maternal mental health: A longitudinal study in Japan.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2025Article
- Infant buccal telomere length: associations with maternal distress in pregnancy and offspring temperament.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Associations Between Early-Pregnancy Vitamin D Status and Postpartum Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms.Psychosomatic medicine · 2024Article
- The Impact of Educational Sessions on Anxiety Levels among Women Undergoing Caesarean Section: A Quasi-Experimental Study.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2024Article
- Translation and validation of the Polish-language version of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) and its relationship to the type of delivery and the baby's Apgar score.Health psychology report · 2024Article
- Fear of Birth and Childbirth Preferences in BIPOC Women Prior to Childbirth Education.The Journal of perinatal education · 2024Article
- Maternal anxiety during pregnancy is associated with weaker prefrontal functional connectivity in adult offspring.Brain imaging and behavior · 2023Article
- Patterns of Labour Interventions and Associated Maternal Biopsychosocial Factors in Australia: a Path Analysis.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2023Article
- Factors associated with the intention of pregnant women to give birth with epidural analgesia: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Development of the Japanese Version of Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised-2: Measurement and Psychometric Properties.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Validation of the German version of the pregnancy-related anxiety scale (PrAS): psychometric properties across all trimesters of pregnancy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Experiences of pregnant women with genome-wide non-invasive prenatal testing in a national screening program.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2023Article
- The relationship among pregnancy-related anxiety, perceived social support, family function and resilience in Chinese pregnant women: a structural equation modeling analysis.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- Article
- Persistent Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Reduces Breastfeeding Exclusiveness and Duration: A Prospective Cohort Study.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2022Article
- Antenatal Classes in the Context of Prenatal Anxiety and Depression during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Parents of young infants report poor mental health and more insensitive parenting during the first Covid-19 lockdown.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Review of Mobile Apps for Women With Anxiety in Pregnancy: Maternity Care Professionals' Guide to Locating and Assessing Anxiety Apps.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe rate of interventions during childbirth has increased dramatically during the last decades. Maternal anxiety might play a role in the progress of the labour process and interventions during labour. This study aimed to identify associations between anxiety in the first half of pregnancy and the birth process, including any interventions required during labour. In addition, differences in the associations by parity and ethnicity were explored.
designProspective cohort study.
settingPrimary care midwifery practices and secondary/tertiary care obstetric practices in Amsterdam, participating in the multiethnic ABCD (Amsterdam Born Children and their Development) study (participation rate 96%; response 8266/12 373 (67%)).
participantsIncluded were women with singletons, alive at labour start, with a gestational age ≥24 weeks (n=6443). INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: General anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory state) and pregnancy-related anxiety (Pregnancy-Related Anxieties Questionnaire (PRAQ)) were self-reported in the first half of pregnancy. OUTCOMES: Associations between both forms of anxiety and several indicators of the birth process were analysed. Subgroup analyses were performed for parity and ethnicity.
resultsThe prevalence of high general anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory score ≥43) and pregnancy-related anxiety (PRAQ score ≥P90) were 30.9% and 11.0%, respectively. After adjustment, in nulliparae, both general anxiety and pregnancy-related anxiety were associated with pain relief and/or sedation (OR for general anxiety 1.23; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.48; OR for pregnancy-related anxiety 1.45; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.85). In multiparae, general anxiety was associated with induction of labour (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.16 to 2.03) and pregnancy-related anxiety was associated with primary caesarean section (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.02 to 2.70). Associations were largely similar for all ethnicities.
conclusionsHigh levels of general and pregnancy-related anxiety in early pregnancy contribute modestly to more interventions during the birth process with similar associations between ethnic groups, but with some differences between nulliparae and multiparae.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.