ArticleInternational journal of public health2017
Association between long-term smoking and leisure-time physical inactivity: a cohort study among Finnish twins with a 35-year follow-up.
Article in International journal of public health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating a Genome-Wide Polygenic Score for Handgrip Strength and Its Interplay with Leisure-Time Physical Activity Across the IGEMS Twin Cohorts.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026Article
- Genetic predisposition to longer lifespan, lifestyle factors, and all-cause mortality: a 17-year prospective cohort study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Genetic Liability to Higher Muscle Strength Associates With a Lower Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Men Irrespective of Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Adulthood: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Leisure Time Physical Activity and Associated Factors among Adults in Estonia 2000-2018.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Article
- Smoking, alcohol consumption, and illicit substances use among adolescents in Poland.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate longitudinal associations of smoking and a change in smoking status with leisure-time physical inactivity. In addition, to control whether familial confounding (genetics and shared environment) influences the associations.
methodsData were based on the population-based Finnish Adult Twin Cohort of 5254 twin individuals born in 1945-1957 (41% men) and who participated in all four surveys over a 35-year follow-up (1975-2011). Logistic and conditional logistic regression models with multiple covariates were used for analyses.
resultsCompared to never-smokers, long-term daily smokers (1975-1990) had the highest likelihood for both long-term inactivity and to change into inactive by 2011. Recurrent smoking was associated with long-term inactivity. Instead, in comparison to persistent daily smokers, quitting smoking decreased the likelihood of becoming physically inactive at leisure time. The associations remained in the analyses which accounted for multiple covariates and/or familial confounding.
conclusionsDaily smoking increases the likelihood of remaining or becoming physically inactive over the decades. Our results emphasize not only the importance of preventing smoking initiation, but also to support early smoking cessation in promotion of lifelong physical activity.
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Registered trials
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