ReviewEpidemiologic reviews2017
Cancer in Transgender People: Evidence and Methodological Considerations.
Review in Epidemiologic reviews, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 205 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of PSA reference intervals in the gender diverse population with prostates.BJU international · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of anal cancer treatment on female sexuality and intimacy: a systematic review.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Hormone therapy and cancer risks in transgender people: a systematic review.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2025Pooled it
- Getting old in the desired gender: a systematic review on aging diseases in transgender people.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Pooled it
- Which Is the Best Surgical Approach for Female-to-Male Sexual Reassignment? A Systematic Review of Hysterectomy and Salpingo-Oophorectomy Options from the Gynecological Perspective.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Supplemental Screening as an Adjunct to Mammography for Breast Cancer Screening in People With Dense Breasts: A Health Technology Assessment.Ontario health technology assessment series · 2023Pooled it
- Does sexual rehabilitation work for gay and bisexual prostate cancer patients? Acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy results from the Restore-2 randomized controlled trial.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Trial
- Association of the Affordable Care Act With Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Colon and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- "Just for pregnant women, not for you": a qualitative evaluation of the sexual and reproductive healthcare experiences of transgender and gender diverse cancer survivors.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Availability of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) information in a cohort of transgender and gender diverse people: An analysis of electronic health records.Annals of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Considerations in Care of the Transgender Orthopedic Patient.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2025Review
- Hormonal factors predisposing to the development of meningiomas in men: a case-control study.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Oncological needs in transgender patients.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- The Burden of Cancer and Precancerous Conditions Among Transgender Individuals in a Large Health Care Network: Retrospective Cohort Study.JMIR cancer · 2025Article
- A Scoping Review Mapping Trans* and Gender Diverse People's Representation in Cancer Research.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Acceptability of an organ inventory for cancer screening across gender identity and intersex status.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- Elevated Risk of Thyroid Malignancy in Biological Males Taking Estrogen Hormone Therapy.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Examining general, physical, and mental health disparities between transgender and cisgender adults in the U.S.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Neovaginal squamous cell carcinoma in a transgender woman: Case report, treatment insights, and literature review.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2025Article
- Underinvested, Under-Referred, and Underserved: Applying a Gender Equity Continuum Framework in Cancer Control Continuum Programs and Policies to Expand to Transgender and Nonbinary Populations.JCO oncology advances · 2025Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Transgender people comprise a diverse group of individuals whose gender identity or expression differs from that originally assigned to them at birth. Some, but not all, transgender people elect to undergo medical gender affirmation, which may include therapy with cross-sex hormones and/or surgical change of the genitalia and other sex characteristics. As cross-sex hormones administered for the purposes of gender affirmation may be delivered at high doses and over a period of decades, the carcinogenicity of hormonal therapy in transgender people is an area of considerable concern. In addition, concerns about cancer risk in transgender patients have been linked to sexually transmitted infections, increased exposure to well-known risk factors such as smoking and alcohol use, and the lack of adequate access to screening. Several publications have identified cancer as an important priority in transgender health research and called for large-scale studies. The goals of this article are to summarize the evidence on factors that may differentially affect cancer risk in transgender people, assess the relevant cancer surveillance and epidemiologic data available to date, and offer an overview of possible methodological considerations for future studies investigating cancer incidence and mortality in this population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.