ReviewFrontiers in immunology2017
The ST2/IL-33 Axis in Immune Cells during Inflammatory Diseases.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 381 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Remotely Monitored, Mobile Health-supported, High Intensity Interval Training Before Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (REMM-HIIT-HCT)
ACT to Reduce Morbidity and Mortality in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HCT) Patients (ACTivate)
Who cites it
381 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 603 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Mechanism and Pathways of Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Different Gestational Tissues: A Systematic Review of Transcriptome Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Pro-inflammatory cytokines in myasthenia gravis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- The BIOPREVENT machine-learning algorithm predicts chronic graft-versus-host disease and mortality risk using posttransplant biomarkers.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Trial
- Evaluating the role of montelukast on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Trial
- Prospective assessment of risk biomarkers of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome after hematopoietic cell transplantation.JCI insight · 2023Trial
- α‑Cyperone targets the PAK1‑JNK/NF‑κB axis to modulate dendritic cells maturation and Th2/Th9 differentiation in an asthma model.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Interleukin-33 and its receptor: multifaceted roles and emerging therapeutic potential.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Rewiring Atopic Dermatitis: Alarmin Cytokines at the Core of Barrier-Immune-Neuro-Microbiome Networks.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Development of 2‑Methyl-5-phenylpyrrolidine-Based ST2 Inhibitors for Neuroinflammatory Conditions.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2026Article
- Increased IL-5, IL-33, and ST2 expression in pediatric adenoid hypertrophy associated with allergic rhinitis: Immunohistochemical and systemic evidence.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Day-30 IL1RL1, CXCL9 and REG3α are prognostic for survival after mismatched unrelated donor transplantation.British journal of haematology · 2026Article
- Screening and Engineering of Hetero-Bivalent Nanobody Targeting Interleukin-33 with Enhanced Binding Stability.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Exploring Biomarkers in Congenital Heart Disease: A Case-Control Study of ST2 in Children with Atrial Septal Defects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Therapeutic effects of IL-33/ST-2 pathway inhibition combined with albendazole on hepatic fibrosis and immune regulation in alveolar echinococcosis: in vivo and in vitro evidence.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Age-Specific Clinical Biomarker Ranges in Acute Head Injury, Non-TBI Trauma, and Healthy Control Subjects in the Emergency Department.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2026Article
- Dual and context-dependent role of the interleukin-33/soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 axis in obesity and adipose tissue inflammation.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Genetic Architecture of Cognitive Resilience in Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms, Pathways, and Therapeutic Implications.Neurology international · 2026Review
- IL-33-induced neuroimmune regulation in depression: A narrative review from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic potential.Medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- In Silico identification of inhalable small-molecule IL-33/ST2 antagonists for severe type-2-high asthma endotypes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
321 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Il1rl1 (also known as ST2) is a member of the IL-1 superfamily, and its only known ligand is IL-33. ST2 exists in two forms as splice variants: a soluble form (sST2), which acts as a decoy receptor, sequesters free IL-33, and does not signal, and a membrane-bound form (ST2), which activates the MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway to enhance mast cell, Th2, regulatory T cell (Treg), and innate lymphoid cell type 2 functions. sST2 levels are increased in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease, acute cardiac and small bowel transplant allograft rejection, colon and gastric cancers, gut mucosal damage during viral infection, pulmonary disease, heart disease, and graft-versus-host disease. Recently, sST2 has been shown to be secreted by intestinal pro-inflammatory T cells during gut inflammation; on the contrary, protective ST2-expressing Tregs are decreased, implicating that ST2/IL-33 signaling may play an important role in intestinal disease. This review will focus on what is known on its signaling during various inflammatory disease states and highlight potential avenues to intervene in ST2/IL-33 signaling as treatment options.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.