ArticleJournal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society2018
Patterns of Growth, Body Composition, and Lipid Profiles in a South African Cohort of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected and Uninfected Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and safety of darunavir and lopinavir for treating children and adolescents living with HIV: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Longitudinal Evaluation of Bone Safety in Children and Adolescents With HIV-1 Starting Tenofovir Alafenamide-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Nutritional status and dietary diversity of school-age children living with HIV: a cross-sectional study in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.BMC public health · 2020Trial
- Article
- Oral health and behavioral problems in children living with and without HIV in South Africa.AIDS care · 2025Article
- Cardiometabolic Health Burden in Pediatric HIV: Unmet Need in the Contemporary Antiretroviral Therapy Era.Cureus · 2025Review
- Growth Trajectories Over the First Year of Life Among Early-Treated Infants with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Infants Who are Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Uninfected.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Health-Related Physical Fitness Evaluation in HIV-Diagnosed Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Behavioral Functioning and Quality of Life in South African Children Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of pediatrics · 2020Article
- Deficits in Bone Architecture and Strength in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Educational delays among children living with perinatally-acquired HIV in Johannesburg, South Africa.AIDS care · 2020Article
- Negative Diagnostic PCR Tests in School-Aged, HIV-Infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy Since Early Life in Johannesburg, South Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- A child with perinatal HIV infection and long-term sustained virological control following antiretroviral treatment cessation.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Metabolic effects of initiating lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimens among young children.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrior research in sub-Saharan Africa reports dyslipidemia in perinatally human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children receiving ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPV/r) compared with efavirenz; however, interpretation of findings is limited by lack of comparison data from HIV-uninfected children.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of lipid profiles and growth within a larger longitudinal cohort study of perinatally HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children aged 4-9 years in Johannesburg, South Africa. At enrollment, anthropometrics, viral load, CD4, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides were measured. Weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ), height-for-age Z-score (HAZ), and body mass index-for-age Z-score (BAZ) were calculated. United States pediatric thresholds for dyslipidemia were used.
resultsFive hundred fifty-three HIV-infected and 300 HIV-uninfected children (median age 6.9 years) of similar demographic characteristics were enrolled. Of the HIV-infected children, 94.8% were on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) (65.4% on LPV/r- and 28.6% on efavirenz-based regimens). Among the treated, 94.3% had a viral load <200 copies/mL. Median CD4% was 34.4. The HIV-infected children had lower mean WAZ (-0.7 vs -0.3, P < .01) and HAZ (-1.1 vs -0.7, P < .01) compared with HIV-uninfected children. A lower proportion of HIV-infected children were overweight (BAZ >1) compared with HIV-uninfected children (14.4% vs 21.7%, P = .04). Whether on LPV/r or efavirenz, a higher proportion of HIV-infected children had borderline/elevated TC or abnormal triglycerides than HIV-uninfected children, although a higher proportion of those on LPV/r had borderline/elevated TC, borderline/elevated LDL, or abnormal triglycerides than those on efavirenz.
conclusionsIn a South African cohort of HIV-infected children and population-appropriate HIV-uninfected children, unfavorable alterations in lipid profiles were detected in HIV-infected children regardless of treatment regimen compared with HIV-uninfected children. The HIV-infected children were of smaller size than HIV-uninfected children, but there was a high prevalence of overweight in both groups. Strategies for optimizing growth and early life management of lipid alterations may be warranted.
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