ArticleInternational journal of bipolar disorders2017
Long-term lithium treatment in bipolar disorder: effects on glomerular filtration rate and other metabolic parameters.
Article in International journal of bipolar disorders, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 121 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychotropic Drugs and Adverse Kidney Effects: A Systematic Review of the Past Decade of Research.CNS drugs · 2022Pooled it
- Stabilization Beyond Mood: Stabilizing Patients With Bipolar Disorder in the Various Phases of Life.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) 2018 guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder.Bipolar disorders · 2018Guideline
- A one-compartment model provides benchmark Lithium dose prediction.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in people with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Review
- Baseline NMR lipoprotein profiles in lithium-naïve bipolar disorder patients who later showed weight gain during lithium therapy: a pilot study.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2026Article
- A Significant Decline of Glomerular Filtration Rate in the Majority of Long-Term Lithium Users: Results of a Dutch Prospective 10-Year Cohort Study.Bipolar disorders · 2026Article
- Lithium nephrotoxicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of lithium versus non-lithium control studies in patients with affective disorders.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Toxins and the Kidneys: A Two-Way Street.Toxins · 2025Review
- [Lithium and its impact on renal function. Recommendations for practice, especially for older patients].Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater · 2025Review
- Lithium-induced kidney injury and fibrosis: A versatile model to explore cellular pathways of injury and repair.Physiological reports · 2025Review
- Sex differences in lithium concentrations among bipolar patients with different episodes based on real-world therapeutic monitoring data.BMC psychiatry · 2025Observational
- Risk of Switch to Mania/Hypomania in Bipolar Depressive Patients Treated with Antidepressants: A Real-World Study.Health data science · 2025Article
- Attitudes toward lithium prescription among psychiatrists in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Lithium: current state of the art and future directions.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Review
- What Patients with Bipolar Disorder Need to Know about Lithium.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effectiveness of ultra-long-term lithium treatment: relevant factors and case series.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Review
- Lithium: how low can you go?International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Article
- Lithium prescription trends in psychiatric inpatient care 2014 to 2021: data from a Bavarian drug surveillance project.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2023Article
- Key questions on the long term renal effects of lithium: a review of pertinent data.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
27 authors at 19 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConcerns about potential adverse effects of long-term exposure to lithium as a mood-stabilizing treatment notably include altered renal function. However, the incidence of severe renal dysfunction; rate of decline over time; effects of lithium dose, serum concentration, and duration of treatment; relative effects of lithium exposure vs. aging; and contributions of sex and other factors all remain unclear.
methodsAccordingly, we acquired data from 12 collaborating international sites and 312 bipolar disorder patients (6142 person-years, 2669 assays) treated with lithium carbonate for 8-48 (mean 18) years and aged 20-89 (mean 56) years. We evaluated changes of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as well as serum creatinine, urea-nitrogen, and glucose concentrations, white blood cell count, and body-mass index, and tested associations of eGFR with selected factors, using standard bivariate contrasts and regression modeling.
resultsOverall, 29.5% of subjects experienced at least one low value of eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m LIMITATIONS: Control data for age-matched subjects not exposed to lithium were lacking.
conclusionsLong-term lithium treatment was associated with gradual decline of renal functioning (eGFR) by about 30% more than that was associated with aging alone. Risk of subnormal eGFR was from 18.1% (≥2 low values) to 29.5% (≥1 low value), requiring about 30 years of exposure. Additional risk factors for low eGFR were higher serum lithium level, longer lithium treatment, lower initial eGFR, and medical comorbidity, as well as older age.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.