Evidence map›Paper›PMID 28475981›Full record

ArticleGait & posture2017

Soft tissue artifact causes significant errors in the calculation of joint angles and range of motion at the hip.

Niccolo M Fiorentino, Penny R Atkins, Michael J Kutschke, Justine M Goebel, K Bo Foreman, Andrew E Anderson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gait & posture, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. A biomechanical digital twin of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease deformity.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Niccolo M FiorentinoDepartment of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Penny R AtkinsDepartment of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Drive, Room 3100, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Michael J KutschkeDepartment of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Justine M GoebelDepartment of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
K Bo ForemanDepartment of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Suite 240, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Andrew E AndersonDepartment of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Drive, Room 3100, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Suite 240, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, 72 S. Central Campus Drive, Room 3750, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. Electronic address: Andrew.Anderson@hsc.utah.edu.

Funding

University of Utah Center for Clinical and Translational ScienceUL1TR001067 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI DERE, WILLARD H., HESS, RACHEL · 2013 to 2017
$19.8M
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH CENTER FOR CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE-UL1: BPCAUL1RR025764 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI MCCLAIN, DONALD A. · 2008 to 2011
$19.4M
University of Utah Center for Clinical and Translational Science-UL1UL1TR000105 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI MCCLAIN, DONALD A. · 2012 to 2013
$5.1M
Musculoskeletal and Finite Element Modeling of Femoroacetabular ImpingementR21AR063844 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI ANDERSON, ANDREW EDWARD · 2013 to 2014
$349k
Tandem Instrumented Treadmill for Accurate Assessment of in-vivo Joint KineticsS10RR026565 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI ANDERSON, ANDREW EDWARD · 2010 to 2010
$222k
Hip Biomechanics and Tissue Damage Mechanisms in Femoroacetabular ImpingementF32AR067075 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI FIORENTINO, NICCOLO M · 2015 to 2017
$135k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000105NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001067NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR026565NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR025764NIAMS NIH HHS F32 AR067075NIAMS NIH HHS R21 AR063844
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Soft tissue movement between reflective skin markers and underlying bone induces errors in gait analysis. These errors are known as soft tissue artifact (STA). Prior studies have not examined how STA affects hip joint angles and range of motion (ROM) during dynamic activities. Herein, we: 1) measured STA of skin markers on the pelvis and thigh during walking, hip abduction and hip rotation, 2) quantified errors in tracking the thigh, pelvis and hip joint angles/ROM, and 3) determined whether model constraints on hip joint degrees of freedom mitigated errors. Eleven asymptomatic young adults were imaged simultaneously with retroreflective skin markers (SM) and dual fluoroscopy (DF), an X-ray technique with sub-millimeter and sub-degree accuracy. STA, defined as the range of SM positions in the DF-measured bone anatomical frame, varied based on marker location, activity and subject. Considering all skin markers and activities, mean STA ranged from 0.3cm to 5.4cm. STA caused the hip joint angle tracked with SM to be 1.9° more extended, 0.6° more adducted, and 5.8° more internally rotated than the hip tracked with DF. ROM was reduced for SM measurements relative to DF, with the largest difference of 21.8° about the internal-external axis during hip rotation. Constraining the model did not consistently reduce angle errors. Our results indicate STA causes substantial errors, particularly for markers tracking the femur and during hip internal-external rotation. This study establishes the need for future research to develop methods minimizing STA of markers on the thigh and pelvis.

Indexed as

ArtifactsComputer SimulationModels, BiologicalAdultFemaleFluoroscopyGaitHip JointHumansMalePelvisRange of Motion, ArticularYoung AdultDual fluoroscopyGait modelsHipMeasurement errorsSkin markersSkin motion artifact

Identifiers

PMID28475981
PMCPMC9840870

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.